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DELGADO GOMEZ v. GARLAND (2021)

United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit.2021-06-28No. Nos. 14-72241, 20-7165

Summary

Holding. The petition for review in the first case was denied in part and dismissed in part; the petition for review in the second case was denied.

Jaime Enrique Delgado-Gomez, a Mexican national, challenged two decisions by the Board of Immigration Appeals. In the first proceeding, he sought asylum, withholding of removal, and protection under the Convention Against Torture. The court found that substantial evidence supported the agency's determination that he had not demonstrated past persecution or a clear probability of future persecution, and that he had not shown he would more likely than not face torture by the Mexican government if returned. The court also lacked jurisdiction to review certain timeliness arguments he had not raised before the agency.

In the second proceeding, Delgado-Gomez sought to reopen his case on the basis of a cancellation of removal application. The court concluded that the Board of Immigration Appeals did not abuse its discretion in rejecting the motion to reopen, finding that his vague and undocumented statements about hardship to his husband fell short of establishing the exceptional and extremely unusual hardship required for that form of relief.

Summary generated by law.co from the public-domain opinion. The opinion text itself is public domain.

Key issues

  • Whether substantial evidence supported the agency's finding that the petitioner failed to demonstrate past or future persecution for asylum eligibility
  • Whether the petitioner established eligibility for withholding of removal and Convention Against Torture protection
  • Whether the Board of Immigration Appeals abused its discretion in denying a motion to reopen based on insufficient showing of exceptional and extremely unusual hardship

Procedural posture

The petitioner appealed from two separate Board of Immigration Appeals decisions—one dismissing his appeal of an immigration judge's denial of asylum, withholding of removal, and Convention Against Torture applications, and another denying his motion to reopen proceedings.

Authorities cited

No cited authorities resolved to law.co cases yet.

Opinion

MEMORANDUM **

Jaime Enrique Delgado-Gomez, a native and citizen of Mexico, petitions in No. 14-72241 for review of the Board of Immigration Appeals’ (“BIA”) order dismissing his appeal from an immigration judges decision denying his applications for asylum, withholding of removal, and protection under the Convention Against Torture (“CAT”). He petitions in No. 20-71652 for review of the BIAs order denying his motion to reopen proceedings.

Our jurisdiction is governed by 8 U.S.C. § 1252. We review de novo whether a petitioner has been afforded due process. Ibarra-Flores v. Gonzales, 439 F.3d 614, 620 (9th Cir. 2006). We review for substantial evidence the agencys factual findings. Zehatye v. Gonzales, 453 F.3d 1182, 1184-85 (9th Cir. 2006). We review for abuse of discretion the denial of a motion to reopen. Cano-Merida v. INS, 311 F.3d 960, 964 (9th Cir. 2002). In No. 14-72241, we deny in part and dismiss in part the petition for review. In No. 20-71652, we deny the petition for review.

We begin with No. 14-72241. We lack jurisdiction to consider Delgado-Gomezs contentions regarding the agencys rejection of his asylum application as untimely because he did not raise them before the agency. Barron v. Ashcroft, 358 F.3d 674, 677-78 (9th Cir. 2004). We reject his challenge to the BIAs streamlining procedures because the BIAs order was not a streamlined decision.

Substantial evidence supports the agencys conclusion that Delgado-Gomez failed to demonstrate either that he had suffered past persecution or that he faced a clear probability of future persecution. See, e.g., Duran-Rodriguez v. Barr, 918 F.3d 1025, 1028 (9th Cir. 2019) (“Persecution is an extreme concept that does not include every sort of treatment our society regards as offensive.” (internal quotation marks omitted)); id. at 1029 (noting that a petitioner who had not demonstrated past persecution had the burden of proving that “relocation would not be possible or reasonable”). Thus, Delgado-Gomezs claim for withholding of removal fails.

Substantial evidence supports the agencys denial of CAT protection because Delgado-Gomez failed to show that it is more likely than not he will be tortured by or with the consent or acquiescence of the government if returned to Mexico. Aden v. Holder, 589 F.3d 1040, 1047 (9th Cir. 2009).

We turn to No. 20-71652. The BIA can deny a motion to reopen for several reasons, including that the movant failed to establish a prima facie case for the relief sought. Najmabadi v. Holder, 597 F.3d 983, 986 (9th Cir. 2010). The BIA did not abuse its discretion in concluding that the statements in Delgado-Gomezs application for cancellation of removal, which were vague and unsupported by documentation, were insufficient to establish a prima facie case that his removal would cause his husband to suffer exceptional and extremely unusual hardship as required for that form of relief. See In re Monreal-Aguinaga, 23 I. & N. Dec. 56, 62 (BIA 2001) (“[T]he hardship ․ must be ‘substantially’ beyond the ordinary hardship that would be expected when a close family member leaves this country.”); see also Garcia v. Holder, 621 F.3d 906, 913 (9th Cir. 2010) (noting that the “ ‘exceptional and extremely unusual hardship’ standard is a very demanding one” and concluding that the BIA did not abuse its discretion in determining that the petitioners’ proffered evidence was insufficient to warrant reopening).

The temporary stays of removal issued in both cases remain in place until issuance of the mandates.

In No. 14-72241: PETITION FOR REVIEW DENIED in part; DISMISSED in part.

In No. 20-71652: PETITION FOR REVIEW DENIED.