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KOSHAR v. RAYTHEON COMPANY (2021)

United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit.2021-04-28No. No. 20-16432

Summary

Holding. The court affirmed the district court's dismissal of the discrimination claims for failure to state a plausible claim and affirmed the denial of in forma pauperis status.

Xiao Dan Koshar and John Koshar appealed the dismissal of their employment discrimination lawsuit against Raytheon Company. The plaintiffs brought claims under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act, the Age Discrimination in Employment Act, and the Arizona Civil Rights Act. The appellate court found that the district court properly dismissed the case because the plaintiffs failed to plead sufficient factual allegations to establish a plausible discrimination claim under the relevant legal standards.

The court also upheld the district court's denial of the plaintiffs' request to proceed without paying court fees. The plaintiffs had not adequately demonstrated that they lacked the financial means to pay the filing fee while still meeting their basic living expenses. Additionally, the court rejected the plaintiffs' claims that the trial judge was prejudiced or biased against them.

Summary generated by law.co from the public-domain opinion. The opinion text itself is public domain.

Key issues

  • Whether plaintiffs pleaded sufficient facts to state a plausible employment discrimination claim under federal and state law
  • Whether plaintiffs demonstrated financial inability to pay court filing fees
  • Whether the district judge exhibited bias or prejudice

Procedural posture

Plaintiffs appealed pro se from a district court order dismissing their employment discrimination action.

Authorities cited

No cited authorities resolved to law.co cases yet.

Opinion

MEMORANDUM **

Xiao Dan Koshar and John Koshar appeal pro se from the district courts order dismissing their action alleging federal and state law employment discrimination claims.

1

We have jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1291. We review de novo a dismissal for failure to state a claim under 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e)(2)(B)(ii). Watison v. Carter, 668 F.3d 1108, 1112 (9th Cir. 2012). We affirm.

The district court properly dismissed plaintiffs’ discrimination claims under Title VII, the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (“ADEA”), and the Arizona Civil Rights Act (“ACRA”) because plaintiffs failed to allege facts sufficient to state a plausible claim. See Ashcroft v. Iqbal, 556 U.S. 662, 679, 129 S.Ct. 1937, 173 L.Ed.2d 868 (2009) (a plaintiff fails to show she is entitled to relief if the complaints factual allegations “do not permit the court to infer more than the mere possibility of [the alleged] misconduct”); see also Gross v. FBL Fin. Servs., Inc., 557 U.S. 167, 180, 129 S.Ct. 2343, 174 L.Ed.2d 119 (2009) (“[A] plaintiff bringing a disparate-treatment claim pursuant to the ADEA must prove ․ that age was the ‘but-for’ cause of the challenged adverse employment action.”); Bodett v. CoxCom, Inc., 366 F.3d 736, 742 (9th Cir. 2004) (recognizing that the ACRA is “generally identical” to Title VII and that Title VII case is persuasive in the interpretation of ACRA); Costa v. Desert Palace, Inc., 299 F.3d 838, 847-48 (9th Cir. 2002) (concluding that a protected characteristic must be a motivating factor for a Title VII discrimination claim).

The district court did not abuse its discretion in denying plaintiffs’ motion to proceed in forma pauperis (“IFP”) because plaintiffs did not demonstrate that they were unable to pay the courts filing fee due to poverty or indigency. See Escobedo v. Applebees, 787 F.3d 1226, 1234 (9th Cir. 2015) (setting forth standard of review and explaining that an affidavit is sufficient under 28 U.S.C. § 1915(a) if it states that “the affiant cannot pay the court costs and still afford the necessities of life”).

We reject as meritless plaintiffs’ contentions that the district judge was prejudiced or biased.

We do not consider matters not specifically and distinctly raised and argued in the opening brief. See Padgett v. Wright, 587 F.3d 983, 985 n.2 (9th Cir. 2009).

AFFIRMED.

FOOTNOTES

1

.   Xiao Dan Koshar and John Koshar are a married couple. The employment claims in this case arise from allegations related to Xiao Dan Koshar, and John Koshars claims are derivative of his wifes claims.