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UNITED STATES v. OGLE II (2021)

United States Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit.2021-08-02No. No. 20-2666

Summary

Holding. The court affirmed the district court's sentence, finding that the factual determination that Ogle fired at officers was supported by sufficient evidence and was not clearly erroneous.

Richard Ogle pleaded guilty to being a felon in possession of a firearm. During his offense, he led police on a high-speed chase and fired a gun from his vehicle. The district court sentenced him to 120 months—the statutory maximum—based partly on a finding that Ogle had aimed the shots at pursuing officers, rather than in some other direction.

Ogle challenged whether the evidence actually showed he fired at the officers. An officer testified that Ogle's vehicle positioning during the chase placed it perpendicular to the patrol cars, and the officer inferred that shots were fired toward them. Ogle countered with his own account and an expert report suggesting he fired toward an open field instead. The appellate court reviewed the district court's factual finding using the clear-error standard and found substantial evidence supporting the conclusion that Ogle fired at the officers, including the witness testimony and corroborating physical evidence.

Summary generated by law.co from the public-domain opinion. The opinion text itself is public domain.

Key issues

  • Whether evidence clearly supported the finding that the defendant fired shots at pursuing officers
  • Standard of review for factual findings in sentencing proceedings
  • Credibility assessment of witness testimony in sentencing enhancement decisions

Procedural posture

Ogle appealed the district court's sentencing determination that included an upward variance based on the finding that he fired at officers.

Authorities cited

No cited authorities resolved to law.co cases yet.

Opinion

[Unpublished]

The district court

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increased Richard Ogles sentence because he fired several gunshots at officers through his car window. Though he challenges the finding that the shots were aimed at the officers, we affirm.

I.

After Ogle threatened his girlfriend with a gun, he led officers on a high-speed chase, first through town and then into a rural area. At one point, he fired a gun from inside the car. When he finally surrendered, officers discovered a pistol, spent shell casings, and a shattered passenger-side window.

Ogle pleaded guilty to possessing a firearm as a felon. See 18 U.S.C. §§ 922(g)(1), 924(a)(2). The district court varied upward from the recommended sentencing range and gave him 120 months in prison, the statutory maximum, see id. § 924(a)(2), based in part on the finding that he had fired at the officers.

II.

We review the district courts factual findings “for clear error, applying the preponderance-of-the-evidence standard.” United States v. Walker, 688 F.3d 416, 420 (8th Cir. 2012) (quotation marks omitted). “Where there are two permissible views of the evidence, the [courts] choice between them cannot be clearly erroneous.” United States v. Rice, 49 F.3d 378, 385 (8th Cir. 1995) (quoting Anderson v. City of Bessemer City, 470 U.S. 564, 574, 105 S.Ct. 1504, 84 L.Ed.2d 518 (1985)).

Plenty of evidence supports the finding that Ogle shot at the officers. One of them testified that Ogle turned right at a stop sign toward the beginning of the chase, which placed his car perpendicular to the patrol cars in pursuit. Although the officer did not see or hear gunshots, he later concluded that Ogle had fired out the window—toward the officers—after his vehicle rounded the corner. We cannot say that the district courts decision to rely on this testimony, particularly in light of the corroborating evidence, was clearly erroneous. See United States v. Luna, 265 F.3d 649, 652 (8th Cir. 2001) (“[I]n sentencing matters[,] a district courts assessment of witness credibility is quintessentially a judgment call and virtually unassailable on appeal.” (internal quotation marks omitted)).

To be sure, Ogle presented a competing narrative that he fired toward an open field, not at the pursuing patrol cars. But the court considered his account, including an expert report he submitted in support of it, and ultimately concluded that it “ma[de] no sense” in light of the evidence. Having examined the record ourselves, we are not “left with a firm and definite conviction that a mistake has been made.” Walker, 688 F.3d at 421 (quotation marks omitted).

III.

We accordingly affirm the judgment of the district court.

FOOTNOTES

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.   The Honorable C.J. Williams, United States District Judge for the Northern District of Iowa.

PER CURIAM.