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ATTAWAY et al. v. ATTAWAY

Supreme Court of Georgia1942-09-15No. No. 14244
194 Ga. 448

Summary

Holding. The judgment awarding custody to the mother was affirmed. Under applicable law, neither parent has a prima facie right to custody; instead, the court must exercise discretion based on the best interests of the child, and a parent's prior statement regarding inability to care for the child does not bar a subsequent custody claim based on changed circumstances.

A mother sought custody of her minor child through habeas corpus proceedings against the child's father and paternal grandparents. During divorce proceedings, the mother had stated in her petition that she was unable to support and care for the child at that time and did not object to the father receiving custody. However, this statement was later withdrawn by amendment, and no custody award was actually made in the divorce decree. The child remained in the father's custody. The trial judge, after hearing evidence regarding the fitness of all parties seeking custody, awarded the child to the mother.

The father challenged the custody award, arguing that the mother had effectively relinquished her custodial rights through her earlier statement in the divorce petition. The court rejected this argument, holding that the mother's statement was merely a temporary expression of her circumstances at that particular time and did not constitute a permanent waiver of her rights. The court emphasized that even if such a relinquishment had occurred, changed circumstances affecting the child's welfare would allow the mother to seek custody again.

Summary generated by law.co from the public-domain opinion. The opinion text itself is public domain.

Key issues

  • Whether a parent's statement in a divorce petition relinquishing custody rights is binding and precludes later custody claims
  • Application of the best-interests-of-the-child standard in custody disputes between parents
  • Whether changed circumstances allow a parent to seek custody after previously indicating inability to support the child

Procedural posture

The mother filed a habeas corpus petition for custody of the minor child after the father had been caring for the child following the parties' divorce, and the trial court awarded custody to the mother after hearing evidence on the fitness of all parties claiming custody.

Authorities cited

No cited authorities resolved to law.co cases yet.

Opinion

majority opinion

Bud, Chief Justice.

This is a habeas-corpus case brought by the mother of a minor child. The defendants are the child’s father and the father’s parents. The father and mother of the child were divorced a short time before the present proceeding was instituted. In her petition for divorce the wife alleged “That the defendant and his parents are financially able to support the child, and she [the plaintiff] has no objection to the custody of the child being awarded to the defendant, she being unable to support the child and care for it at this time.” This allegation was stricken by amendment before the divorce decree, and there was no award of custody made in that proceeding, although at that time and since then the child was in the custody of the defendants.

The judgment here excepted to awarded the child to the plaintiff. It was entered after the judge had heard evidence as to the fitness of all the parties who claimed custody. “In all cases where the custody of any minor child or children is involved between the parents, there shall be no prima facie right to the custody of such child or children in the father, but the court hearing such issue of custody may exercise its sound discretion, taking into consideration all the circumstances of the ease, as to whose custody such child or children shall be awarded, the duty of the court being in all such cases, in exercising such discretion, to look to and determine solely what is for the best interest of the child or children, and what will best promote their welfare and happiness, and make award accordingly.” Code, § 74-107. “While formerly the father was entitled to the custody of his children during their minority, now in all eases involving the custody of any minor child between parents there is no prima facie right to the custody of such child in the father; but the court having the issue of custody before it may exercise its sound discretion, taking into consideration all the circumstances of the case in deciding to which of the parents the custody of the child shall be awarded, it being the duty of the court in exercising such discretion to determine solely what is to the best interest of the child.” Lockhart v. Lockhart, 173 Ga. 846 (162 S. E. 129).

The plaintiff in error contends, however, that the foregoing principles do not here apply, because in her original petition the wife had in effect relinquished her right to custody. This contention can not be sustained. At most the statement in her petition, subsequently withdrawn by amendment, was merely a voluntary expression on her part, and referred only to her inability to care for the child “at this time.” Her apparent willingness to an award at that time was not acted upon, because no award was made. But even if it had been made, she would not be subsequently barred from showing “a change of circumstances affecting the welfare of the child,” and thereby obtaining custody. Shields v. Bodenhamer, 180 Ga. 122 (178 S. E. 294); State v. Coggins, 181 Ga. 17 (181 S. E. 145). Hnder these principles the judge was authorized, in his discretion, to make the award as he did. See Chapin v. Cummings, 191 Ga. 408 (12 S. E. 2d, 312), and cit.

Judgment affirmed.

All the Justices concur.