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Kimberly Jane ALFRIEND; et al., Plaintiffs-Appellants, v. U.S. DISTRICT COURT FOR THE NORTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA; et al., Defendants-Appellees; Jose J. Garcia; et al., Plaintiffs-Appellants, v. U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California; et al., Defendants-Appellees

United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit2016-03-22No. Nos. 14-15347, 14-15349
642 F. App'x 791

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Opinion

majority opinion

MEMORANDUM

The only claims surviving on appeal are against the United States District Court for the Northern District of California and its judges (collectively “Federal Defendants”). The district court dismissed these claims on the basis of sovereign immunity.

Federal Defendants have sovereign and judicial immunity. See Block v. North Dakota, ex rel. Bd. of Univ. & Sch. Lands, 461 U.S. 273, 287, 103 S.Ct. 1811, 75 L.Ed.2d 840 (1983) (“The basic rule of federal sovereign immunity is that the United States cannot be sued at all without the consent of Congress.”); Stump v. Sparkman, 435 U.S. 349, 355-56, 98 S.Ct. 1099, 55 L.Ed.2d 331 (1978) (finding that judges have judicial immunity and “are not hable to civil actions for their judicial acts, even when such acts are in excess of their jurisdiction, and are alleged to have been done maliciously or corruptly”) (internal quotation marks omitted). “Any waiver of immunity must be ‘unequivocally expressed,’ and any limitations and conditions upon the waiver ‘must be strictly observed and exceptions thereto are not to be implied.’” Hodge v. Dalton, 107 F.3d 705, 707 (9th Cir.1997) (quoting Lehman v. Nakshian, 453 U.S. 156, 160-61, 101 S.Ct. 2698, 69 L.Ed.2d 548 (1981)). Because Plaintiffs have failed to establish that Federal Defendants waived either sovereign or judicial immunity, we do not have jurisdiction to review Plaintiffs’ appeal.

DISMISSED.

This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent except as provided by 9th Cir. R. 36-3.

. Plaintiffs moved to dismiss the other defendants and their motion was granted.

. Federal Defendants’ Request for Judicial Notice is GRANTED.