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Corrigan v. Bell et al., Plaintiffs in Error

Supreme Court of Missouri1880-10
73 Mo. 53

Summary

Holding. The judgment was reversed and the cause remanded because the trial court erred in sustaining the demurrer to the defendants' equitable defense, as Nellie Smith, not being a party to the original tax enforcement suit, retained the right to redeem the property; furthermore, the personal judgment rendered against her as a married woman was improper.

Corrigan brought an ejectment action to recover a parcel of land in Kansas City. Corrigan's ownership claim derived from a sheriff's sale executed under a judgment obtained in a tax enforcement suit against the original owner and certain other parties. The defendants Smith raised an equitable defense in their answer, which Corrigan challenged by demurrer. The trial court sustained the demurrer, striking the defendants' answer.

The appellate court examined the statutory framework governing special tax bills and redemption rights. Under the applicable state law, persons with interests in property who are not named as defendants in a tax enforcement suit retain the right to redeem the property and are not bound by the resulting judgment or sale. Because Nellie Smith held a prior deed of trust interest in the property and was not made a defendant in the original tax suit, she possessed a valid equitable right to redeem. The court determined that her answer stated a proper equitable defense that should have been allowed to proceed.

Additionally, the court noted that a personal judgment for monetary damages was rendered against Nellie Smith despite her status as a married woman, which alone provided separate grounds for reversal under existing precedent.

Summary generated by law.co from the public-domain opinion. The opinion text itself is public domain.

Key issues

  • Whether a person with an interest in property retains redemption rights when excluded as a defendant in a special tax bill enforcement suit
  • Whether an equitable defense of redemption rights states a valid defense to ejectment
  • Whether a personal judgment for damages may be rendered against a married woman

Procedural posture

Corrigan brought an ejectment action; the defendants answered with an equitable defense; the trial court sustained a demurrer to that answer and rendered judgment for Corrigan; the defendants appealed.

Authorities cited

No cited authorities resolved to law.co cases yet.

Opinion

majority opinion

Norton, J.

This is an action of ejectment to recover possession of lot 27, block 26, West Kansas addition to the City of Kansas. The answer of defendant Bell is a general denial. The answer of defendants Smith and Nellie Smith, his wife, sets up an equitable defense. This answer was demurred to and the demurrer sustained, and the action of the court in this respect is the chief ground relied upon for a reversal of the judgment. The demurrer to the an- swer admitted the following facts set up in the answer, viz : that plaintiff’s title to the property in question is derived through a sale thereof made by the sheriff by virtue of a certain execution which issued on a judgment rendered in a suit instituted by plaintiff on the 18th day of April, 1874, against Edward Deyoeger, S. J. Eisher and Samuel Montgomery, to enforce the lien of a certain tax bill against said property; that said Deyoeger was the original owner of said property, and on the 6th day of April, 1874, conveyed the same by deed of trust to S. J-. Fisher, as trustee for one Glass, to.secure the payment of a note therein described; which deed was on that day recorded; that Deyoeger had also, on the 10th day of September, 1873, conveyed, by deed duly recorded, the property in question to one Harrison, in trust to secure the payment of a note held by one Kellerman for $1,000; that Nellie Smith is the holder and owner of the said note and deed of trust executed to Harrison in trust for Kellerman ; that Fisher, as trustee, sold the property conveyed to hyn in trust for Glass, at which sale Glass became the purchaser, and subsequently to his purchase sold one-half the land to one Bell, and that said Bell and Glass, by a suuseqúent deed, conveyed the entire property to defendant Nellie Smith ; that said Glass, Harrison and Kellerman, nor either of them, were made parties defendant in the said suit brought by plaintiff to enforce the lien of the special tax bill; that defendant Nellie Smith, before filing her answer in this suit, offered to redeem said property, and tendered to plaintiff $100, which he admitted was the full amount of the tax bill, interest and all costs of the suit instituted to enforce its collection, as well as all costs of this suit to date of tender.

It is provided in an act amendatory of the charter of Kansas City, in section 25, (Acts 1872, p. 411,) that persons interested in the land sought to be charged, who are not made defendants, shall not be affected by any judgment obtained m any suit on any , , 7 n special tax bill, nor by any sale under such judgment; “and if they claim through or under any parties defendant, prior to suit brought, may redeem from the purchaser or otherwise assert their rights‘■according to equity and good conscience.” Applying this act to the facts set up in the answer and admitted by the demurrer, it is clear that defendant Nellie Smith’s interest in the land was unaffected by the judgment rendered in the tax bill suit, and that she had the right to redeem. The fact that Eisher was made party defendant in the tax bill suit was not sufficient to deprive her of this right, inasmuch as Glass, the beneficiary and real party in interest in the deed of April 6th, 1874, was not made a party. In the case of Olmstead v. Tarsney, 69 Mo. 399, where the above statute was before the court for construction, it was held “ that the incumbrance on property created by special tax bill must be treated as conferring upon the owner thereof the same right which would have been conferred by a mortgage for that amount, and as being similarly subject to redemption.” Under the principle announced in that case, we think the answer of defendants set up an equitable defense to plaintiff’s action, and that the affirmative relief asked for might well be granted, on the authority of the following cases: Baker v. Circle, 60 Mo. 264; Bartlett v. Judd, 21 N. Y. 200: Bliss on Code Plead., § 349.

Aside from the error committed in sustaining the demurrer, personal judgment for damages was rendered against Nellie Smith, and she being a married woman, this is sufficient to authorize a reversal of the judgment. Lincoln v. Rowe, 64 Mo. 138, and cases cited. Judgment reversed and cause remanded,

in which all concur.