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Bridges et al. v. Dooly County

Supreme Court of Georgia1889-07-08
83 Ga. 275

Summary

Holding. The trial court properly reinstated the tax execution case for jury trial. The court committed no error in reinstating the case, as the original dismissal order showed no evidence of mutual consent and the public interest in revenue collection required the statutory jury trial to proceed absent genuine bilateral agreement to dismiss.

Dooly County obtained an execution against a tax collector and his sureties for unpaid county taxes. The tax collector filed an affidavit of illegality challenging the execution, which by statute required the case to be tried by a special jury. After the case was continued by agreement, the trial court dismissed it at the second term on motion of the county's counsel, conditioned on the counsel showing a legal excuse for his absence at a later date. When the county later moved to reinstate the case, claiming the dismissal was improvident and void, the trial court granted the motion despite the tax collector's answer asserting the dismissal had been consensual.

The appellate court upheld the reinstatement. The court reasoned that the dismissal order itself bore no indication of consent from both parties—it was granted solely on motion of one party. The court emphasized that when public revenue is at stake through a tax execution, an affidavit of illegality must proceed to jury trial in the absence of genuine legal consent from both sides. The execution itself establishes a prima facie case for the county's entitlement to collect taxes; the trial exists to permit the defendant to challenge its validity, not to support it. Dismissing such a case would improperly defeat the defendant's statutory right to trial while leaving the execution subject to further enforcement.

Summary generated by law.co from the public-domain opinion. The opinion text itself is public domain.

Key issues

  • Whether a trial court may dismiss a tax execution affidavit-of-illegality case on motion of one party alone
  • Whether public revenue cases require special protection through mandatory jury trial absent express bilateral consent
  • Whether dismissal of such a case defeats the defendant's statutory right to challenge the execution

Procedural posture

The tax collector appealed the trial court's order reinstating a dismissed case involving an execution on a tax collector's official bond after filing an affidavit of illegality.

Authorities cited

No cited authorities resolved to law.co cases yet.

Opinion

majority opinion

Bleckley, Chief Justice.

An execution in favor of Dooly county against the tax-collector and the securities of his official bond, issued for the county taxes, was met by an affidavit under section 525 of the code, which section declares : “If such execution shall issue for too much, or if defendant denies on oath owing any part thereof, he may, by filing an affidavit of illegality, according to the rules governing other illegalities, cause an issue to be formed thereon, which shall be tried by a special jury at the first term of the superior court thereafter.” The case was continued at the first term (September, 1887) under an agreement of counsel that it should be finally disposed of at the next term. At the second term (March, 1888), the court, on motion of defendants’ counsel, ordered that said case he dismissed, with the right of plaintiff to move by the first day of the next term to have it reinstated, such motion to be allowed provided it was shown to the court that J. H. Hall, counsel for the plaintiff, had a legal excuse for his absence, and not otherwise. At the following term (September, 18^8), a motion was made by the county, through J. H. Hall and J. B. Holmes, its attorneys, to reinstate the case, upon the ground that the order of dismissal was improvidently granted, and was void on its face, the court having no jurisdiction to pass it. To this motion the tax-collector made an answer in writing, setting up, among other things, that the order of disrhissal was granted by agreement of both parties on tbe terms specified in the order, and that Mr. Hall now stated that he had no legal excuse for his absence at the previous term.

As the court granted the order to reinstate the case notwithstanding this answer, we assume that the judge knew and remembered that the order to dismiss was not passed upon agreement of both parties. Indeed, the order shows upon its face that it was granted on motion of one of the parties, and it makes no reference to any agreement or consent whatsoever. The final action of the court in reinstating the .case, is altogether inconsistent with the statement in the answer, that the dismissal was with the consent of the county; for how could the order of dismissal be improvident, void on its face, or without jurisdiction to pass it, if the county consented? Surely a court can turn any case out, or dismiss the same from its docket, if both parties legally consent thereto. As to who would have authority to represent the county in giving such consent in a case like this, we need not inquire. The statute directs that the issue formed on such affidavit of illegality shall be tried by a special jury; and the public revenue being involved, we think that in the absence of legal consent to dismiss, the only proper disposition of the case was to so try it. If counsel on behalf of the county did not appear, that would make no difference, since the case on the side of the county was made out by the execution itself. Prima facie, such an execution is to be taken as expressing and representing a real debt for the county taxes ; and it is not for the county to support it by evidence, but for the defendant or defendants to meet and overcome it by evidence. The trial is accorded, not to give efficacy to the execution, but to allow opportunity for showing it invalid or inoperative in whole or in part. It seems to us that the dismissal of such a case would leave the controversy undisposed of, or if disposed of, that it would leave the execution to be enforced by further ministerial proceedings, and that it would be not the execution,but the defence to it, which would be defeated by the order of dismissal, supposing the order to have any finality at all. "We think the court committed no error in - reinstating the case, or at least, that none appears from the record and bill of exceptions before us. Judgment affirmed