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State v. Schumacher

2025-10-16

Summary

Holding. The appeal was dismissed because Schumacher improperly attempted to challenge the underlying sentencing order through an untimely appeal from denial of his motion to terminate the license suspension, depriving the court of jurisdiction.

William Schumacher appealed a trial court's denial of his motion to terminate a five-year driver's license suspension imposed as part of his 2021 criminal sentence. Schumacher had initially attempted to appeal the suspension itself in August 2023, but that appeal was dismissed as untimely since he filed more than two years after sentencing without seeking permission for a delayed appeal. When Schumacher then filed a motion in the trial court to terminate the suspension, the court denied it, and Schumacher appealed that denial.

The appellate court determined it lacked jurisdiction over the appeal because Schumacher was attempting to use the denial of his termination motion as a backdoor way to challenge the underlying sentencing order—a procedural tactic called "bootstrapping." Since the original sentencing order was not timely appealed and Schumacher's new motion essentially required the court to revisit whether the suspension was proper, the court could not consider arguments about the suspension's legality.

Summary generated by law.co from the public-domain opinion. The opinion text itself is public domain.

Key issues

  • Whether a party may challenge a final sentencing order through a subsequent motion and appeal when the direct appeal period has expired
  • The definition and application of procedural "bootstrapping" in criminal appeals
  • Proper use of civil rules (Civ.R. 60(B)) in criminal cases

Procedural posture

Schumacher appealed from the trial court's denial of his motion to terminate his driver's license suspension, which was imposed during his 2021 criminal sentencing.

Authorities cited

Opinion

majority opinion

[Cite as State v. Schumacher, 2025-Ohio-4756.]

COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO

EIGHTH APPELLATE DISTRICT

COUNTY OF CUYAHOGA

STATE OF OHIO, :

Plaintiff-Appellee, :

No. 114773

v. :

WILLIAM SCHUMACHER, :

Defendant-Appellant. :

JOURNAL ENTRY AND OPINION

JUDGMENT: DISMISSED

RELEASED AND JOURNALIZED: October 16, 2025

Criminal Appeal from the Cuyahoga County Court of Common Pleas

Case No. CR-21-656702-A

Appearances:

Michael C. O’Malley, Cuyahoga County Prosecuting

Attorney, and Anthony T. Miranda, Assistant Prosecuting

Attorney, for appellee.

Cullen Sweeney, Cuyahoga County Public Defender, and

Erika Cunliffe, Assistant Public Defender, for appellant.

MICHAEL JOHN RYAN, J.:

Defendant-appellant William Schumacher appeals the trial court’s

denial of his motion to terminate his driver’s license suspension. For the reasons

that follow, we dismiss the appeal.

In 2021, Schumacher was charged with failure to comply pursuant to

R.C. 2921.331(B), a felony of the third degree. He subsequently pled guilty to

attempted failure to comply, a felony of the fourth degree. The trial court sentenced

him to 42 months of community-control sanctions. The trial court also suspended

his driver’s license for a period of five years.

Schumacher successfully completed the terms of his community

control and was terminated from probation on June 26, 2023. His driver’s license

suspension is set to expire August 11, 2026.

On August 8, 2023, Schumacher filed a notice of appeal, stating that he

was appealing as of right pursuant to App.R. 4(B).1 See State v. Schumacher,

8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 113066. The State filed a brief in opposition arguing that

Schumacher failed to comply with App.R. 5, which governs delayed appeals in

criminal cases and provides in part that “[a] motion for leave to appeal . . . shall set

forth the reasons for the failure of the appellant to perfect an appeal as of right.”

App.R. 5(A)(2). This court dismissed the appeal for Schumacher’s failure to set forth

a reason for the delay. Motion No. 566743 (Aug. 21, 2023). The Ohio Supreme

Court declined jurisdiction. See State v. Schumacher, 2024-Ohio-163.

On March 7, 2024, Schumacher filed a motion to terminate the

suspension of his driver’s license, citing Civ.R. 60(B) and claiming that the

suspension was contrary to law. The trial court denied the motion.

1 App.R. 4 governs appeals as of right and provides that a party that wishes to

appeal a final order must file a notice of appeal within 30 days of the order. App.R. 4(B) provides exceptions to the appeal time period, none of which were applicable to this case.

Schumacher filed a timely notice of appeal and raises two assignments

of error for our review:

I. The trial court’s imposition of a 5-year license suspension in addition

to 42 months of community control sanctions was contrary to law,

contravened the defendant’s right to due process, and the trial court

should have granted appellant’s request to terminate it.

II. Given that appellant has a right to appeal a sentence that is contrary

to law but was deprived of that right in this instance, his employment

of a motion to terminate the sentence pursuant to Civ.R. 60(B) which

also and alternatively sought relief under R.C. 2953.21 were

appropriate jurisdictional vehicles through which to do so.

In his assignments of error, Schumacher argues that his driver’s license

suspension was contrary to law and that he was deprived of the right to appeal the

suspension.

As mentioned, after this court dismissed Schumacher’s first appeal, he

filed a motion to terminate the suspension of his driver’s license, citing Civ.R.

60(B)(5). Civ.R. 60(B) provides that a court may relieve a party from a final

judgment for several enumerated reasons, including, as stated in Civ.R. 60(B)(5),

“any other reason justifying relief from judgment.” In his motion, Schumacher

claimed he was entitled to relief because his suspension was contrary to law, the trial

court failed to advise him of his appellate rights, and his trial counsel failed to file a

timely notice of appeal.

Here, Schumacher attempted to invoke the provisions of the civil rules

in his criminal case. In some limited instances, the civil rules may be applicable to

criminal actions. Crim.R. 57 provides that “[i]f no procedure is specifically prescribed by rule, the court may proceed in any lawful manner not inconsistent

with these rules of criminal procedure and shall look to the rules of civil procedure

and to the applicable law if no rule of criminal procedure exists.” Thus, Schumacher

may file a motion pursuant to Civ.R. 60(B) where no similar basis for relief exists

under the criminal rules.

In denying Schumacher’s motion, the court stated that it was denying

the motion as untimely but did not state whether it considered the motion under

Civ.R. 60(B) or converted the motion to a petition for postconviction relief. A

Civ.R. 60(B) motion may be recast as a petition for postconviction relief in a criminal

case when it was ““‘(1) filed subsequent to [the defendant’s] direct appeal, (2)

claimed a denial of constitutional rights, (3) sought to render the judgment void, and

(4) asked for vacation of the judgment and sentence.’”” State v. Majid, 2025-Ohio172, ¶ 12 (8th Dist.), quoting State v. Schlee, 2008-Ohio-545, ¶ 12, quoting State v.

Reynolds, 79 Ohio St.3d 158, 160 (1997).

Schumacher never claimed his constitutional rights were violated.2

Consequently, because the relief requested does not fit squarely within the criteria

outlined in Schlee, we will consider the motion under Civ.R. 60(B) as opposed to the

postconviction statutory framework. 3 See, e.g., State v. Berk, 2022-Ohio-2297, ¶ 16

2 Schumacher stated in the heading to his first assignment of error that the court

violated his due-process rights. However, he did not make this claim in the body of his brief. More importantly, Schumacher did not allege in his motion to terminate his suspension that his right to due process, or any other constitutional right, was violated.

3 Schumacher claimed that the trial court erred in failing to apprise him of his

appellate rights. Schumacher has not provided this court with a transcript of the trial (10th Dist.) (reviewing appellant’s claims under a Civ.R. 60(B) framework because

the motion did not claim a denial of constitutional rights); State v. Bang To, 2019-Ohio-1795, ¶ 25 (10th Dist.) (finding appellant’s Civ.R. 60(B) motion that did not

hinge on alleged constitutional deprivations was subject to review under

Civ.R. 60(B)).

Schumacher’s appeal from the denial of the motion to terminate his

driver’s license suspension was timely, but his arguments center around the trial

court’s August 11, 2021 sentencing entry, which imposed a five year driver’s license

suspension. This court has “consistently refused to address assignments of errors

from a final order that was not the subject of a timely notice of appeal when those

assignments of error are raised as part of an otherwise timely appeal — an act that

we call ‘bootstrapping.’” Bukovec v. Keger, 2024-Ohio-1162, ¶ 15, quoting Basit v.

Chapman, 2016-Ohio-4562 (8th Dist.). The utilization of a subsequent order to

indirectly and untimely appeal a prior order, which was not the subject of a direct

appeal, “is procedurally anomalous and inconsistent with the appellate rules which

contemplate a direct relationship between the order from which the appeal is taken

and the error assigned as a result of that order.” Bukovec at id., quoting Winters v.

Doe, 1998 Ohio App. LEXIS 4221, *6 (8th Dist. Sept. 10, 1998); see also State v.

Streets, 2025-Ohio-2598 (8th Dist.).

court’s sentencing hearing to confirm his allegation, but the right to appeal is not one of the constitutional rights enumerated in Crim.R. 11(C)(2)(c). State v. Jones, 2003-Ohio4513, ¶ 8 (10th Dist.).

In Plaza v. Roberts, 2024-Ohio-3021, ¶ 12 (8th Dist.), the trial court

dismissed the plaintiff’s complaint for failure to state a claim. Instead of filing a

direct appeal, the plaintiff filed a Civ.R. 60(B) motion for relief from judgment. The

trial court denied the motion, and the plaintiff filed a notice of appeal. In finding

that it did not have jurisdiction to consider the appeal, this court noted that while

the plaintiff’s appeal was timely from the denial of Civ.R. 60(B) motion, the

substance of his arguments addressed the merits of the initial order dismissing his

case. Id. at ¶ 15.

In Streets, the appellant was sentenced to community-control

sanctions that included monitoring of his electronic devices. The appellant did not

appeal his conviction but later filed a motion to modify the conditions of his

sanctions to stop the monitoring. The trial court denied his motion. The appellant

filed an appeal from this denial, but the substance of his argument was that the trial

court erred when it imposed monitoring as a condition of probation. This court

found that the appellant was attempting to “bootstrap” the appeal by challenging the

trial court’s denial of his motion to modify the conditions his probation. This court

concluded that his claim was time-barred and dismissed the appeal. Id. at ¶ 12.

In this case, the trial court issued a final order imposing Schumacher’s

driver’s license suspension on August 11, 2021. Schumacher did not file a notice of

appeal until August 8, 2023. Schumacher did not file a motion for leave to appeal

pursuant to App.R. 5; rather, he attempted to file the appeal under App.R. 4 stating that he was appealing as of right. This court rightly dismissed his appeal as

untimely.

Schumacher then filed a motion to terminate his driver’s license

suspension. The core of Schumacher’s argument was that the trial court erred in

imposing the suspension — a claim that could have been made on direct appeal. By

appealing from the journal entry denying Schumacher’s motion to terminate his

suspension, Schumacher is attempting to utilize the instant appeal to improperly

seek review of alleged errors that he failed to timely appeal. Because Schumacher is

attempting to bootstrap a claim that is now time-barred, we are without jurisdiction

to consider his appeal. Streets at id.; Cleveland v. Sabetta, 2021-Ohio-4426, ¶ 22

(8th Dist.); State v. Cottrell, 2010-Ohio-5254, ¶ 19 (8th Dist.).

Appeal dismissed.

It is ordered that appellee recover from appellant costs herein taxed.

A certified copy of this entry shall constitute the mandate pursuant to Rule 27

of the Rules of Appellate Procedure.

MICHAEL JOHN RYAN, JUDGE

MICHELLE J. SHEEHAN, P.J., and

ANITA LASTER MAYS, J., CONCUR