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State v. Bethel

2025-10-16

Summary

Holding. The court affirmed Bethel's convictions for felonious assault with firearm specifications.

In March 2022, a ten-year-old boy was shot multiple times during an incident at a gas station in Warrensville Heights, along with injuries to another person in the same vehicle. Bethel was charged with four counts of felonious assault with firearm specifications. At trial, the state presented police testimony, witness accounts, and surveillance video footage showing a Mercedes vehicle pulling alongside the victims' car before shots were fired. Multiple witnesses identified Bethel as the driver of the Mercedes. The jury convicted Bethel on all counts, and he was sentenced to 29 to 31.5 years in prison.

Bethel appealed on four grounds: ineffective assistance of counsel for failing to call a witness, prosecutorial misconduct during closing argument, ineffective assistance for failing to object to misconduct, and claims that his convictions were against the manifest weight of the evidence. The appellate court examined whether the prosecutor's statements during closing argument about witness credibility, burden of proof, and the defense strategy amounted to plain error requiring reversal, and whether counsel's trial decisions fell below constitutional standards.

Summary generated by law.co from the public-domain opinion. The opinion text itself is public domain.

Key issues

  • Whether prosecutorial statements about witness credibility and defense strategy constitute plain error without objection
  • Whether counsel's decision not to recall a witness during case-in-chief amounts to ineffective assistance
  • Whether the convictions were supported by sufficient evidence

Procedural posture

Bethel appealed his jury conviction for felonious assault with firearm specifications from the Cuyahoga County Court of Common Pleas to the Ohio Court of Appeals, Eighth District.

Authorities cited

No cited authorities resolved to law.co cases yet.

Opinion

majority opinion

[Cite as State v. Bethel, 2025-Ohio-4755.]

COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO

EIGHTH APPELLATE DISTRICT

COUNTY OF CUYAHOGA

STATE OF OHIO, :

Plaintiff-Appellee, :

No. 114722

v. :

JU’VEIL BETHEL, :

Defendant-Appellant. :

JOURNAL ENTRY AND OPINION

JUDGMENT: AFFIRMED

RELEASED AND JOURNALIZED: October 16, 2025

Criminal Appeal from the Cuyahoga County Court of Common Pleas

Case No. CR-22-676907-A

Appearances:

Michael C. O’Malley, Cuyahoga County Prosecuting

Attorney, and Mason McCarthy, Assistant Prosecuting

Attorney, for appellee.

Cullen Sweeney, Cuyahoga County Public Defender, and

Noelle A. Powell-Sacks, Assistant Public Defender, for

appellant.

EILEEN A. GALLAGHER, A.J.:

Appellant Ju’Veil Bethel (“Bethel” a.k.a “Veil”) brings this appeal

challenging his conviction for felonious assault with three- and five-year firearm

specifications. We affirm the jury’s verdicts.

Facts and Procedural History

This matter arises from a shooting that occurred on March 6, 2022 at a

gas station parking lot in Warrensville Heights.

On December 19, 2022, as a result of the investigation into the shooting,

Bethel and his brother Arthur Bethel (“Arthur” a.k.a. “Inky”) were charged with four

counts of felonious assault with accompanying one-, three- and five-year firearm

specifications and one count each of having a weapon while under disability.1

The case proceeded to trial where Bethel and Arthur were tried as

codefendants regarding the felonious assault counts. Bethel and Arthur waived

their right to a jury trial as it pertained to having a weapon while under a disability,

which was tried to the court.

At trial, the State presented testimony from multiple police officers,

witnesses and the victims, as well as dozens of exhibits, including video-surveillance

footage.

Despite some inconsistent and varying testimony among the witnesses,

the following facts were established at trial and were detailed in great length in

Bethel 1:

On the night in question, sometime after 4:00 a.m., former Shaker

Heights Police Officer Alexandria Starcher was in her patrol car at the

intersection of Lee Road and Chagrin Boulevard. While she was waiting

at a traffic light, a blue Nissan Kick with a female driver stopped by her

cruiser. The windows of the vehicle were rolled down, and the female

1 Arthur Bethel appealed his convictions to this court in State v. Bethel, 2024-Ohio1365 (8th Dist.) (“Bethel 1”).

driver and male passenger were screaming that “he” had been shot and that they needed help.

Ptl. Starcher exited her vehicle and went to the blue car. The driver opened the rear driver’s side door, and Ptl. Starcher observed a small, young boy “hunkered down” in the seat. He told her that he needed help and that his chest hurt. The boy, J.P., was ten years old at the time.

Backup arrived on the scene, and Ptl. Starcher and another officer removed the boy from the vehicle. Ptl. Starcher had noticed that J.P. had blood on him, so the officers removed his shirt and pants to look for any bullet hole wounds. Ptl. Starcher observed two circular holes on J.P. Her partner placed a chest seal over the holes to prevent any further blood loss. Once EMS arrived, they took J.P. in the ambulance to the hospital. Ultimately, he recovered but had been shot in the back, shoulder, and leg. He was in the hospital for a week and had to relearn how to walk because of having been shot in the leg.

Warrensville Heights police were called to the scene after Ptl. Starcher learned that the shooting had occurred in Warrensville Heights. Ptl. Starcher took photographs of the blue vehicle and observed “more than a handful” of bullet holes on the outside.

Warrensville Heights Police Sergeant Jerome Thomas arrived on scene along with Sergeant Adam Scherrer. Sgt. Thomas observed a blue

Nissan Kick with six to ten bullet holes on the outside of it. He learned that the driver of the vehicle was named Blaze Davis (“Blaze”) and that the young shooting victim was the brother of the man in the passenger seat of the Nissan, [R.C.], who was also known as “Brody.”

Blaze was very scared at the time. She expressed that she wanted to get to the hospital to be with the victim and tried to walk away from the officers. At one point, Blaze was acting very agitated; the officers handcuffed her to get her to calm down. After she was calmer, she was able to talk to the officers and visit the scene of the shooting.

Sgt. Thomas drove Blaze back to the scene of the shooting, which was an Exxon gas station on Miles Road, and had her explain to him what had happened. Blaze stated that the shooting was by a black vehicle with multiple occupants. She believed that two occupants of the vehicle had firearms.

Ptl. Reginald Rucker and Ptl. Stetka went to the gas station and spoke with the clerk working that night. After speaking with the clerk, who confirmed that there had been a shooting, the officers went outside to look for shell casings. Because it was dark, and the weather was very windy and rainy, the officers had to hurry to collect any evidence. Ptl. Rucker located nine shell casings at the west entrance/exit of the gas station.

Ptl. Stetka then went to the hospital where J.P. was going into surgery. He learned that [R.C.] was also there, being treated for minor injuries. [R.C.] was able to tell Ptl. Stetka what had happened and identified someone known as “Main” as a suspect and stated that the vehicle

where the shots had come from was dark-colored. [R.C.] told Ptl. Stetka that Main had pulled a firearm on him at an earlier encounter.

There was a security guard at the gas station. Prior to the incident occurring, there were eight to ten vehicles at the gas station, and the security guard had told them to disperse. When asked about the

incident by Ptl. Rucker, the guard stated that he was inside the station at the time, but that he had not observed any shooting that night. He did not call the police because he did not believe the shooting had occurred on the gas station property.

Sgt. Michael Turner went to the Exxon station to retrieve the

surveillance camera video. He spoke with the owner of the gas station, who was aware that a shooting had occurred on the property. The

owner had trouble accessing the video but was able to pull it up on his cell phone. Sgt. Turner used his body cam to record the footage from the owner’s cell phone.

There was footage from two different cameras at the gas station. The first camera depicted the parking lot area on the west side of the gas station. The video showed a darker-colored vehicle and a lightercolored Mercedes. The second camera depicted the south side of the gas station, where the pumps were located. Blaze’s Nissan Kick can be seen in the video.

The video showed three heavy-set individuals getting into a silver Mercedes and driving southbound through the Exxon parking lot. The Mercedes can be seen pulling alongside the driver’s side of the Nissan Kick. The Mercedes paused briefly, and then the Nissan Kick pulled away at a high rate of speed. The Mercedes then left as well. Sgt. Turner did not observe any altercation between the occupants of the two

vehicles nor did he observe any weapons.

Janay Bland (“Bland”) was at the gas station on the night in question.

Bland knew [Arthur], whom she knew as “Inky,” and [Arthur’s]

codefendant, [Bethel], whom she knew as “Veil.” She heard shots that

night but did not know how many; she did not see the shooting. She did

not see [Arthur] or [Bethel] at the gas station.

Rayana Howard (“Howard”) was also at the gas station that night and

saw [Arthur] or [Bethel] in a two-door Mercedes. She observed [Bethel]

in the driver’s seat and [Arthur] in the passenger seat.

[R.C.] saw the Mercedes pull up next to the Nissan Kick in which he

was a passenger. He had seen [Bethel] driving the vehicle. [R.C.] was

looking down at his phone when he saw laser beams on the windows —

one on the front window and one on the back. He saw the barrel of a

gun point toward the window on the driver’s side. He could not see who

was holding the gun, but saw an individual in a white shirt. He believed

that[Bethel] had been wearing a white shirt earlier that night. He told

Blaze to drive, and as she took off, shots were fired. J.P. was hit multiple

times, and [R.C.] was grazed by a bullet on his back.

At the police station the following day, Det. Curry showed [R.C.] a

photo lineup. From that lineup, [R.C.] identified [Bethel] as having had

flashed his gun at him earlier on the night of the shooting. This differed

from when he initially told Ptl. Stetka that it was Main who had flashed

his gun at him.

J.P. was in the backseat of the Nissan Kick and had observed a “guy”

driving the Mercedes, a “boy” in the backseat, and a “girl” in the

passenger seat. He saw the guns pointed at Blaze’s car but did not get a

good look at who was shooting at them.

State v. Bethel, 2024-Ohio-1365, ¶ 2-19 (8th Dist.).

The jury found Bethel guilty of all four counts of felonious assault. The

court then found him guilty of having a weapon while under a disability and he was

sentenced to an aggregate term of 29 years to 31 and one-half years at the Lorain

Correctional Institution.

Bethel now appeals the jury’s verdict raising four assignments of error:

ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR NO. I:

Mr. Bethel received ineffective assistance of counsel when his counsel

failed to call a witness, who counsel had previously indicated was

crucial to Mr. Bethel’s defense.

ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR NO. II:

Mr. Bethel’s right to due process was violated when the State of Ohio

engaged in prosecutorial [mis]conduct during closing argument.

ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR NO. III:

Mr. Bethel received ineffective assistance of counsel when his counsel

failed to object to prosecutorial misconduct during the State’s closing

argument.

ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR NO. IV:

Mr. Bethel’s convictions are against the manifest weight of the

evidence.

Law and Analysis

Second Assignment of Error

For the sake of judicial economy, we will be discussing Bethel’s

assignments of error out of order, beginning with the second assignment of error.

For his second assignment of error, Bethel alleges that his right to due process was

violated when the State of Ohio engaged in prosecutorial misconduct during closing

argument. Bethel alleges there were three types of misconduct the prosecutor

engaged in during closing arguments: (1) expressing opinions on witnesses’

truthfulness; (2) shifting the burden of proof to the defendants and (3) demeaning

the defense. Bethel admits that he failed to object to any of the alleged misconduct

during trial.

Standard of review

“A prosecutor’s remarks constitute misconduct if the remarks were

improper and if the remarks prejudicially affected an accused’s substantial rights.”

State v. Williams, 2003-Ohio-4164, at ¶ 44, citing State v. Smith, 14 Ohio St.3d 13,

14 (1984).

When there is no objection to prosecutorial misconduct during the

trial, it must be shown to amount to plain error. State v. Newman, 2020-Ohio-658,

¶ 8 (8th Dist.), citing State v. White, 1998-Ohio-363 (“Since defense counsel failed

to object to the alleged instances of prosecutorial misconduct, the alleged

improprieties are waived, absent plain error.”) Plain errors or defects affecting

substantial rights may be noticed although they were not brought to the attention of

the court.” Crim.R. 52(B). An error rises to the level of plain error only if, but for the

error, the outcome of the proceedings would have been different. State v.

Eisermann, 2015-Ohio-591, ¶ 71 (8th Dist.), citing State v. Becker, 2014-Ohio-4565

(8th Dist.). Notice of plain error is to be taken with utmost caution, under

exceptional circumstances, and only to prevent a manifest miscarriage of

justice. State v. Phillips, 74 Ohio St.3d 72, 83 (1995).

Analysis

The first alleged misconduct occurred when the State commented on

the credibility of witnesses based upon their in-court testimony. Bethel

acknowledges that there were many versions of events presented by the various witnesses. The State commented on which witness’s testimony it believed was not

truthful or was evasive. A prosecutor may comment on the credibility of witnesses

based upon their in-court testimony. State v. Price, 60 Ohio St.2d 136, 140 (1979).

Bethel fails to establish that, but for these comments, the outcome of

the proceeding would have been different. There was a fair amount of conflicting

testimony by the witnesses and before the jury about what occurred, where and who

was present, when. Bethel fails to prove it was prejudicial for the State to

acknowledge that fact during closing arguments or to suggest what in-court

testimony the State believed to be credible. There is no evidence that these

comments affected the outcome of this case.

The second alleged misconduct occurred when the State attempted to

shift the burden of proof to Bethel to prove his innocence by asking the jurors to

consider what they thought Bethel should do at trial if he knew truth was on his side.

After a careful reading the alleged improper statement in the

transcript, we find that the State’s comment does not amount to plain error. The

State’s comment did not amount to telling the jury Bethel had a burden of proof at

trial. The comments concerned what questions defense counsel did or did not ask

witness–victim J.P. and why. At no point did the State suggest that Bethel had any

kind of burden of proof at trial. We find this statement did not affect the outcome

of this case and thereby there is no plain error for this statement.

The last suggested alleged misconduct occurred when “[t]he

prosecutor demeaned the defense as just ‘defense attorney 101.’” Bethel alleges that during closing argument the prosecutor insinuated that “1) defense counsel did not

believe the defense that she was presenting and, 2) [] it was all just standard smoke

and mirrors designed to mislead the jury – ‘defense attorney 101.’”

Even if we were to find these statements improper, Bethel puts forth

no evidence that he was somehow prejudiced by these statements. There is nothing

in the record and no argument is made that, as a result of these statements, the jury

verdict would have been different. It cannot be said that Bethel did not have a fair

trial. As such, we decline to find these comments amount to plain error.

Wherefore, none of these comments by the State amount to plain error

and Bethel’s second assignment of error is overruled.

First and Third Assignments of Error

Bethel’s first and third assignments of error allege ineffective

assistance of counsel.

Standard of Review

To establish ineffective assistance of counsel, a defendant must

demonstrate that (1) “counsel’s performance fell below an objective standard of

reasonable representation,” and (2) they were “prejudiced by that performance.”

State v. Collier, 2020-Ohio-3033, ¶ 18 (8th Dist.), citing State v. Hill, 2018-Ohio4327, ¶ 21 (8th Dist.), citing Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668, 687-688

(1984).

For the second prong, prejudice is established when the defendant

demonstrates “‘a reasonable probability that but for counsel’s unprofessional errors, the result of the proceeding would have been different. A reasonable probability is

a probability sufficient to undermine confidence in the outcome.’” Collier at ¶ 18,

quoting Strickland at 694.

“A court need not determine whether counsel’s performance was

deficient before examining the prejudice suffered by the defendant as a result of the

alleged deficiencies.” State v. Marriott, 2021-Ohio-2845, ¶ 11 (8th Dist.).

“The decision to call or not call witnesses is generally a matter of trial

strategy and, absent a showing of prejudice, does not deprive a defendant of the

effective assistance of counsel.” State v. Lopez, 2011-Ohio-182, ¶ 93 (8th Dist.),

citing State v. Utz, 2004-Ohio-2357, ¶12 (3d Dist.), citing State v. Williams, 74 Ohio

App.3d 686, 694 (8th Dist. 1991).

Analysis

For his first assignment of error, Bethel alleges that his counsel was

ineffective for failing to recall Warrensville Heights Police Officer Stetka (“Ofc.

Stetka”) to testify during his case-in-chief. Bethel alleges this was error because Ofc.

Stetka’s testimony regarding what witnesses initially told him conflicted with Ofc.

Steka’s in-court testimony.

We note at the outset that Ofc. Stetka was called to testify in the State’s

case-in-chief and was subject to cross-examination and recross-examination by

both Bethel’s attorney and Arthur’s attorney.

After the witness testimony was concluded, Bethel’s counsel informed

the court that “[she] would like to reserve potentially calling him again and ask that