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State v. Mercer

2026-08-03

Authorities cited

Opinion

majority opinion

[Cite as State v. Mercer, 2026-Ohio-2995.]

IN THE OHIO COURT OF APPEALS

FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT

MUSKINGUM COUNTY, OHIO

STATE OF OHIO, Case No. CT2025-0110

Plaintiff - Appellee Opinion And Judgment Entry

-vs- Appeal from the Muskingum County Court of

Common Pleas, Case No. CR2025-0293

BENJAMIN MERCER,

Judgment: Affirmed

Defendant - Appellant

Date of Judgment Entry: August 3, 2026

BEFORE: Andrew J. King; Craig R. Baldwin; David M. Gormley, Judges

APPEARANCES: RONALD L. WELCH, Prosecuting Attorney, JOSEPH PALMER,

Assistant Prosecuting Attorney, for Plaintiff-Appellee; CHRIS BRIGDON, for DefendantAppellant.

Baldwin, J.

{¶1} Appellant Benjamin Mercer appeals the jury verdict finding him guilty on one

count of attempted rape and one count of gross sexual imposition, the trial court’s evidentiary

decisions, and the trial court’s denial of his motion for new trial. Appellee is the State of Ohio.

For the reasons that follow we affirm the jury’s verdict and the decisions of the trial court.

STATEMENT OF FACTS AND THE CASE

{¶2} The appellant was indicted on April 23, 2025, on one count of attempted rape

of victim B.V., a person under the age of 13, in violation of R.C. 2923.02 and 2907.02(A)(1)(b)

and (B), a felony of the first degree; and, one count of gross sexual imposition of victim B.V.,

a person under the age of 13, in violation of R.C. 2907.05(A)(4) and (C)(2), a felony of the third degree. The appellant was arrested, and bond was set at $500,000.00, cash, real estate,

or surety. The appellant was appointed counsel and pleaded not guilty at his April 30, 2025,

arraignment, at which time his bond was continued.

{¶3} A jury trial commenced on June 24, 2025, at which the following testimony

was presented. T.V., who is B.V.’s father, testified that on October 12, 2024, B.V. was staying

overnight at his home. She was on the phone with her boyfriend and/or her boyfriend’s

mother, and was crying. Her boyfriend and/or his mother encouraged B.V. to tell T.V. that

she had been sexually assaulted multiple times by her uncle – the appellant. T.V. testified that

B.V. was crying and was very upset. T.V. had B.V. write down what she could remember

about the incidents, and together they called B.V.’s mother, A.B.

{¶4} A.B. testified that her sister C.M. is married to the appellant. A.B. testified that

on October 12, 2024, she received a telephone call from T.V. and B.V., at which time she

learned that B.V. had been sexually assaulted by the appellant. A.B. testified that her family

was close and would often have family gatherings. On some occasions, B.V. would travel

with her grandmother to visit C.M. and her family, including the appellant. A.B. testified that

B.V. returned early from one such out of state family visit and was described as “anti-social”

during the visit, which was very unusual behavior for B.V. Other times the family gathered to

spend time together at one another’s homes. It was during these family visits that the sexual

assaults occurred. A.B. met T.V. and B.V. at the sheriff’s office the next day to file a report.

A.B. testified further that on October 22, 2024, B.V. went to Brave Beginnings for a forensic

interview and a medical examination.

{¶5} B.V. testified that on Labor Day in 2023, she visited her grandparents' house.

She was 12 at the time. She testified that her family was present, including the appellant. B.V. testified that she found herself alone with the appellant while others were sleeping, and that

the appellant told her to lie on the couch with him. She testified that she was afraid of what

the appellant would do if she said no. At that time, while B.V. was alone with the appellant,

the appellant put his hand inside B.V.'s underwear. B.V. testified that she was wearing a

feminine pad at the time, and the appellant removed his hand and began to rub her vaginal

area for several minutes. B.V. testified that she was too scared to say anything. Her

grandfather entered the room and the appellant stopped, pretending to be asleep.

{¶6} B.V. then recounted the first time she was sexually assaulted by the appellant,

in June of 2023, while visiting the appellant and his family in Georgia. She was with the

appellant and other family members watching a movie. B.V. testified that the other family

members fell asleep, and that she also started to doze off. She was awakened by the appellant’s

hand on her stomach, moving up her shirt and grabbing her breasts. B.V. testified that the

appellant then put his hand in her pants and inside her panties, rubbed her between her legs,

and “his fingers went inside of me.” B.V. testified that it hurt, and that it lasted five to seven

minutes. B.V. testified that the appellant used his other hand to cover her mouth, and kissed

her forehead.

{¶7} B.V. testified that after the assaults she wrote a letter detailing her feelings of

betrayal. B.V. told her parents that the appellant sexually assaulted her, and also told some

close friends. She recounted the assaults again when speaking with the staff at Brave

Beginnings. B.V. testified that following the sexual assault the appellant exchanged messages

with her, expressing his excitement to see her again at a hotel and telling her that he loved

her, with heart emojis. Copies of said messages were introduced into evidence.

{¶8} Amanda McClelland, a nurse practitioner who is a sexual assault nurse

examiner (SANE) at Brave Beginnings, testified regarding her interview and examination of

B.V. Ms. McClelland testified that during her interview and examination of B.V., B.V.

disclosed two incidents of sexual assault by the appellant. The first incident occurred during

an out of state visit with family; B.V. disclosed that the appellant had touched her breast with

his hand under her clothing, then touched her vulva, and finally penetrated her vagina with

his finger. The second incident disclosed to Ms. McClelland by B.V. involved the appellant

putting his hand down B.V.’s pants but being stopped from penetration by B.V.’s feminine

pad.

{¶9} Detective Brad Shawger, lead investigator in the matter, was the next witness

to testify. Detective Shawger testified he reviewed the appellant's communications, including

jail phone calls, video visits, and text messages sent through the jail tablet system, while the

appellant was incarcerated at the Muskingum County Jail. Detective Shawger explained that

inmates can send and receive text messages using jail issued tablets, and that those

communications are accessible to law enforcement. Detective Shawger testified regarding two

written messages sent by the appellant to his wife while the appellant was incarcerated; said

messages contained expressions of apology, references to breaking his wife's trust and heart,

and statements reflecting a desire to maintain a relationship with her. The first message stated:

I miss you too. And I'm really, really sorry. I can't take back what I've

done. I feel awful. And hearing you cry and say the things you said took me

straight back to when you left from Kansas. I'm sorry I let you down and broke

your heart. I miss you bunches. I'm not expecting your forgiveness but I can

only hope that you know how sorry I am….

The second message stated:

I truly am sorry it even came to all of this. I'm sorry for embarrassing

you. I'm sorry for hurting you. This hurts me too. Obviously I can't imagine

what you must be feeling. But I believe I have a good idea of it. I have to live

with the fact that I just broke your heart and I know I broke your trust. I know

this is only the start of your wave of emotions. I know that you hate me. I'm

sure. I can't even blame you for wanting to be done because I have to look at it

from your perspective. Just because believe me when I say I am -- I say I'm truly

sorry. I'm really hanging on to hope that we can still have some sort of

relationship and be in each other's lives - - life. I never once wanted to be on

bad terms with you. I understand I screwed up and I can't take it back. I'm not

saying all this because it's what you want to hear. I'm saying because I still want

you in my life. I'm saying it because I actually am sorry.

I meant what I said when I told you I appreciate - - I am appreciative of

you for all you do for the boys and I'm proud of you for being so tough

throughout all of this. I'm thankful of [sic] the mother you are and I have

become - - and have become over the years. I do love you. And I don't want to

even see life without you because it's all I've known the last fourteen years. I'm

super worried about you. And I know that by me not physically being there

doesn't make it any easier. And it sucks when I hear you struggle and the phone

call cuts out at eleven and I can't even call back to check on you. It's awful. I

just wanted you to know I'm sorry for everything.

Said messages were admitted without objection.

{¶10} Additionally, Detective Shawger testified that on March 18, 2025, he met with

the appellant's wife, C.M., approximately five months after the initial allegations were made.

During cross-examination, Detective Shawger acknowledged that the meeting with C.M.

occurred on the same day that at least one of the jail messages had been sent. He testified

further that, as part of his investigation, he had listened to the jail phone calls and reviewed

communications between appellant and his wife. During cross-examination, defense counsel

attempted to question Detective Shawger regarding statements he made to C.M. during their

March 18, 2025, meeting, and regarding communications between the appellant and his wife

that had been read into the record, seeking to introduce evidence that the conversations were

regarding the appellant’s infidelity and not the sexual assault allegations. The appellee

objected, arguing that questions involving the issue of a possible extramarital affair that the

appellant had during the marriage elicited hearsay. The court recessed to address the issue

outside the presence of the jury.

{¶11} The appellee argued that discussion of an extramarital affair was not relevant

to the charges at issue. The trial court sustained the appellee's objection at that time, stating:

BY THE COURT: We are outside the presence of the jury at the

moment as well. We had discussed, I think, before - - before we went on recess

an objection that the State made about a question to Detective Shawger

regarding the statement that Detective Shawger had made to the defendant’s

wife. I am going to sustain that objection that it is hearsay.

We did meet in chambers to discuss just going forward at a relevant

time. I’ll make a ruling if that becomes relevant. But just for counsel’s information,

Mr. Tabler, at this time I will find it’s not relevant, what we had discussed.

* * *

MR. EDWARDS: Your Honor, I’m sorry. Can I get one

clarification? You are ruling that the line of questioning regarding an affair is

not relevant; is that correct?

THE COURT: There’s not really an objection so I’m not making

a ruling. I’m just - - my - - I don’t find it’s relevant at this time.

(Italics added.) Thus, the trial court did not definitively exclude evidence regarding the alleged

extramarital affair; rather, it stated that it did not see that said evidence was relevant at that

time, implying that it might be relevant and/or admissible as the trial progressed. The

appellant did not object, nor did the appellant proffer evidence of the alleged extramarital

affair at a later time during the trial.

{¶12} During closing argument, the appellee referenced the jail messages discussed

during Detective Shawger’s testimony and argued that said messages supported an inference

of guilt. The prosecutor stated that the messages "fit what he did," and characterized them as

a "statement against interest," explaining that "in common parlance, it's a confession." The

appellee asked the jury to draw from that inference in its deliberations. On June 25, 2025, the

jury returned a verdict of guilty on both counts.

{¶13} On June 30, 2025, the appellant filed a Request for New Trial pursuant to

Crim.R. 32(A)(2) in which he argued that the messages submitted to the jury were not the full

context of the messages between the appellant and his wife, that the majority of the messages

between the appellant and his wife reference infidelity, and that given the full context of the

messages “... there was no reasonable inference that these messages were a confession and

should not have been presented as such….” The appellant requested an oral hearing on his motion. He did not attach an affidavit to his Request for New Trial. He later attached an

affidavit to his reply to the appellee’s brief in opposition to his Request for New Trial, which

addressed only a statement made by the prosecutor after the jury had rendered its verdict.

{¶14} On September 14, 2025, the trial court issued a Decision Entry denying the

appellant’s Request for New Trial, without a hearing. The trial court’s entry contained an

analysis of the issues, noting that as part of its consideration of the appellant’s motion it

listened to all the submitted jail calls, read through the transcript and affidavit attached to the

reply, and reviewed the parties’ arguments “multiple times.” Based upon its lengthy and

thorough analysis, the trial court denied the appellant’s Request for New Trial.

{¶15} The appellant filed a timely appeal, and sets forth the following three

assignments of error:

{¶16} “I. THE STATE VIOLATED APPELLANT'S DUE PROCESS RIGHTS BY

KNOWINGLY MISCHARACTERIZING AN AMBIGUOUS JAIL MESSAGE AS A

CONFESSION WHILE PREVENTING THE DEFENSE FROM PRESENTING ITS

TRUE CONTEXT.”

{¶17} “II. THE TRIAL COURT ABUSED ITS DISCRETION BY DENYING

APPELLANT'S CRIM.R. 33(A)(2) MOTION WITHOUT A HEARING DESPITE A

COLORABLE, RECORD-BASED CLAIM OF PROSECUTORIAL MISCONDUCT

AFFECTING THE FAIRNESS OF THE TRIAL.”

{¶18} “III. THE TRIAL COURT COMMITTED PLAIN ERROR BY

PRECLUDING THE DEFENSE FROM CROSS-EXAMINING THE STATE'S

WITNESS REGARDING THE CONTEXT OF A JAIL MESSAGE INTRODUCED BY

THE STATE.”

ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR NO. I

{¶19} The appellant argues in assignment of error number one that the appellee

knowingly mischaracterized the jailhouse messages such that it violated his due process rights,

framing the appellee’s actions as prosecutorial misconduct. We disagree.

Standard Of Review

{¶20} The appellant submits in first assignment of error that “[i]n evaluating due

process claims arising from prosecutorial conduct, courts examine the fairness of the

proceedings as a whole, not the culpability of the prosecutor.” Prosecutorial misconduct was

discussed by this Court in State v. Lee, 2024-Ohio-2044 (5th Dist.):

The test for prosecutorial misconduct is whether the prosecutor's

comments and remarks were improper and if so, whether those comments and

remarks prejudicially affected the substantial rights of the accused. Sunbury v.

Sullivan, 5th Dist. Delaware No. 11CAC030025, 2012-Ohio-3699, ¶ 30, citing

State v. Lott, 51 Ohio St.3d 160, 555 N.E.2d 293 (1990).

In reviewing allegations of prosecutorial misconduct, it is our duty to

consider the complained-of conduct in the context of the entire trial. Darden v.

Wainwright, 477 U.S. 168, 106 S.Ct. 2464, 91 L.Ed.2d 144 (1986). A trial is not

unfair if, in the context of the entire trial, it appears clear beyond a reasonable

doubt the jury would have found the defendant guilty even without the

improper comments. State v. Treesh, 90 Ohio St.3d 460, 464, 2001-Ohio-4, 739

N.E.2d 749.

Allegations of prosecutorial misconduct implicate due process concerns,

and the touchstone of the analysis is the “ ‘fairness of the trial, not the

culpability of the prosecutor.’ ” State v. Newton, 108 Ohio St.3d 13, 2006-Ohio81, 840 N.E.2d 593, ¶ 92, quoting Smith v. Phillips, 455 U.S. 209, 219, 102 S.Ct.

940, 71 L.Ed.2d 78 (1982).

If any misconduct occurred, the court must consider the effect it had on

the jury “in the context of the entire trial.” State v. Keenan, 66 Ohio St.3d 402,

410, 613 N.E.2d 203 (1993). With regard to each allegation of misconduct, we

must determine whether the conduct was “improper, and, if so, whether [it]

prejudicially affected substantial rights of the defendant.” State v. Smith, 14

Ohio St.3d 13, 14, 470 N.E.2d 883 (1984). “[A] defendant's substantial rights

cannot be prejudiced when the remaining evidence, standing alone, is so

overwhelming that it constitutes defendant's guilt, and the outcome of the case

would have been the same regardless of evidence admitted erroneously.” State

v. Hicks, 194 Ohio App.3d 743, 2011-Ohio-3578, 957 N.E.2d 866, ¶ 30 (8th

Dist. 2011), citing State v. Williams, 38 Ohio St.3d 346, 349–350, 528 N.E.2d

910 (1988).

Whether statements made by a prosecutor amount to misconduct and

whether such statements render a trial fundamentally unfair are mixed

questions of law and fact, which we review de novo. State v. Razey, 5th Dist.

Delaware No. 23CAC030021, 2023-Ohio-4190, ¶ 28, citing United States v.

Carson, 560 F.3d 566, 574 (6th Cir. 2009).

Id. at ¶¶46-50.

Analysis

{¶21} The appellant was charged with one count of attempted rape and one count of

gross sexual imposition allegedly committed against his then 12-year-old niece. Telephone

conversations and text messages between the appellant and his wife C.M. while the appellant

was in jail awaiting trial were monitored and recorded by law enforcement officials. Detective

Shawger testified regarding said jailhouse communications. Two of the messages provided

the basis from which the appellee argued that an inference of guilt could be made. The

appellant did not object to the statements when submitted during Shawger’s testimony, nor

did he object to them during the appellee’s closing argument. Thus, he has waived all but

plain error.

{¶22} The Ohio Supreme Court recently discussed the doctrine of plain error in State

v. Bailey, 2022-Ohio-4407:

Under the plain-error doctrine, intervention by a reviewing court is

warranted only under exceptional circumstances to prevent injustice. State v.

Long, 53 Ohio St.2d 91, 372 N.E.2d 804 (1978), paragraph three of the syllabus

(“Notice of plain error * * * is to be taken with the utmost caution, under

exceptional circumstances and only to prevent a miscarriage of justice”). To

prevail under the plain-error doctrine, Bailey must establish that “an error

occurred, that the error was obvious, and that there is ‘a reasonable probability

that the error resulted in prejudice,’ meaning that the error affected the outcome

of the trial.” (Emphasis added in Rogers.) State v. McAlpin, 169 Ohio St.3d 279,

2022-Ohio-1567, 204 N.E.3d 459, ¶ 66, quoting Rogers at ¶ 22; see also State v.

Wilks, 154 Ohio St.3d 359, 2018-Ohio-1562, 114 N.E.3d 1092, ¶ 52.

The elements of the plain-error doctrine are conjunctive: all three must

apply to justify an appellate court's intervention. State v. Barnes, 94 Ohio St.3d

21, 27, 759 N.E.2d 1240 (2002) (“By its very terms, the rule places three

limitations on a reviewing court's decision to correct an error despite the

absence of a timely objection at trial”).

Id. at ¶8-9. Thus, to overcome plain error, the appellant must satisfy all three prongs. He has,

however, failed to do so herein. The evidence presented during trial included not only the

jailhouse statements, but also the testimony of the victim’s father and mother, the victim, the

SANE nurse who interviewed and examined the victim, and Detective Shawger. It also

included messages the appellant sent to B.V. As conceded by the appellant, this case hinged

on circumstantial evidence and witness credibility. There was ample evidence presented in

this case via the testimony of the witnesses, especially the victim. The jury clearly found the

testimony compelling, believing the victim’s characterization of events and her account of

sexual abuse at the hands of the appellant. The appellant has failed to establish that there is

“a reasonable probability that the error resulted in prejudice,” meaning that the error affected

the outcome of the trial.

{¶23} Additionally, even if the appellant had objected, we still find no error. The

appellant had the opportunity to cross-examine Detective Shawger regarding the statements,

and could have called witnesses to support the argument that an inference could also be made

that the statements referred to the appellant’s infidelity rather than the alleged sexual assault

of his niece. The trial court did not conclusively rule that evidence of the alleged infidelity

was not admissible; rather, it specifically stated more than once that it did not find that the

evidence was relevant “at this time.” The trial court stated that the nature of the appellant’s line of questioning during cross-examination of Detective Shawger regarding the appellant’s

alleged infidelity elicited a hearsay response, but also suggested that it would revisit the ruling

if it subsequently became relevant.

{¶24} Furthermore, the appellee did not elicit an improper inference. The trial court

instructed the jury on inferences and evidence, stating:

To infer, or to make an inference, is to reach a reasonable conclusion of

fact which you may, but are not required to, make from other facts which you

find have been established by direct evidence. Whether an inference is made

rests entirely with you.

Direct evidence and circumstantial evidence are of equal weight.

You may not make one inference from another inference, but you may

draw more than one inference from the same facts and circumstances.

The evidence does not include the indictment, opening statements, or

closing arguments of counsel. The opening statement and closing arguments of

counsel are designed to assist you. They are not evidence.

{¶25} Inferences were discussed by the court in State v. Knott, 2025-Ohio-5745 (4th

Dist.):

“Inferences are ‘ “conclusion[s] which, by means of data founded upon

common experience, natural reason draws from facts which are proven.” ’ ” In

re A.R., 2025-Ohio-1160 (1st Dist.) ¶ 28, quoting State v. Armstrong, 2016-Ohio7841, ¶ 22 (11th Dist.), quoting State v. Nevius, 147 Ohio St. 263, 274, 71 N.E.2d

258 (1947). “An inference ‘may be drawn from the facts and conditions

established.’ ” Id., quoting Armstrong at ¶ 22. ***

Id. at ¶ 94. The jury, who the trial court instructed on the issue of inferences, heard the

statements made by the appellant during the jailhouse communications with his wife, and

could make an inference therefrom based upon their common experience. Doing so does not

rise to reversible error.

{¶26} Finally, it is axiomatic that comments made by counsel during opening

statements and closing arguments are not evidence. State v. Asp, 2023-Ohio-290, ¶59 (5th

Dist.). As such, comments made by the appellee during closing arguments regarding the

jailhouse communications, even if they had been objected to, do not rise to reversible error.

The appellant’s first assignment of error is without merit and is overruled.

ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR NO. II

{¶27} The appellant argues in his second assignment of error that the trial court erred

in denying his motion for a new trial without a hearing. We disagree.

Standard Of Review

{¶28} “ ‘Appellate review of a trial court's ruling on a motion for leave to file a motion

for a new trial is conducted under an abuse-of-discretion standard.’ State v. Hatton, 169 Ohio

St.3d 446, 2022-Ohio-3991, ¶ 29, 205 N.E.3d 513. An abuse of discretion is more than a mere

error of law; ‘it implies that the court's attitude is unreasonable, arbitrary[,] or

unconscionable.’ Blakemore v. Blakemore, 5 Ohio St.3d 217, 219, 5 Ohio B. 481, 450 N.E.2d

1140 (1983).” State v. Woods, 2026-Ohio-2352, ¶ 8 (5th Dist.).

Analysis

{¶29} Motions for a new trial in criminal cases are governed by Crim.R. 33, which

provides in pertinent part:

(A) Grounds. A new trial may be granted on motion of the defendant

for any of the following causes affecting materially the defendant's substantial

rights:

(1) Irregularity in the proceedings, or in any order or ruling of the

court, or abuse of discretion by the court, because of which the defendant was

prevented from having a fair trial;

(2) Misconduct of the jury, prosecuting attorney, or the witnesses for

the state;

(3) Accident or surprise which ordinary prudence could not have

guarded against;

(4) That the verdict is contrary to law;

(5) Error of law occurring at the trial;

(6) When new evidence material to the defense is discovered which

the defendant could not with reasonable diligence have discovered and

produced at the trial. When a motion for a new trial is made upon the ground

of newly discovered evidence, the defendant must produce at the hearing on

the motion, in support thereof, the affidavits of the witnesses by whom such

evidence is expected to be given, and if time is required by the defendant to

procure such affidavits, the court may postpone the hearing of the motion for

such length of time as is reasonable under all the circumstances of the case. The

prosecuting attorney may produce affidavits or other evidence to impeach the

affidavits of such witnesses.

(B) Motion for new trial; form, time. Application for a new trial

shall be made by motion which, except for the cause of newly discovered

evidence, shall be filed within fourteen days after the verdict was rendered, or

the decision of the court where a trial by jury has been waived, unless it is made

to appear by clear and convincing proof that the defendant was unavoidably

prevented from filing his motion for a new trial, in which case the motion shall

be filed within seven days from the order of the court finding that the defendant

was unavoidably prevented from filing such motion within the time provided

herein.

* * *

(C) Affidavits required. The causes enumerated in subsection (A)(2)

and (3) must be sustained by affidavit showing their truth, and may be

controverted by affidavit.

The appellant submits that he is entitled to a new trial based upon Crim.R. 33(A)(2), coupled

with an assertion that additional evidence relevant to the alleged prosecutorial misconduct

could be developed during a hearing.

{¶30} The appellant failed to attach an affidavit to his request for a new trial as

required by Crim.R. 33(C). As set forth by this Court in State v. Jefferson, 2019-Ohio-156 (5th

Dist.):

Jefferson filed his motion pursuant to Crim.R. 33(A)(2). He alleged

prosecutorial misconduct, juror misconduct, and misconduct of a witness. A

motion for a new trial filed pursuant to Crim.R. 33(A)(2) must be supported by

affidavit pursuant to Crim.R. 33(C). "If the defendant fails to produce

supporting affidavits, the trial court, in its discretion, may deny the motion

summarily without a hearing." State v. Rogers, 68 Ohio App.3d 4, 7, 587 N.E.2d

381 (9th Dist.1990), citing Toledo v. Stuart, 11 Ohio App.3d 292, 293, 11 Ohio

B. 557, 465 N.E.2d 474 (6th Dist.1983). Here, Jefferson failed to submit

affidavits in support of his motion for a new trial and thus failed to comply with

Crim.R. 33(C). Further, upon review of the motion, we cannot say that the trial

court abused its discretion in denying the motion for a new trial.

Id. at ¶ 88. The appellant failed to attach an affidavit to his request for new trial as mandated

by Crim.R. 33(C). Furthermore, an affidavit attached to a reply brief in support of a request

for new trial does not satisfy the Crim.R. 33(C) mandate. The trial court did not abuse its

discretion when it denied the appellant’s motion for new trial without an oral hearing.

{¶31} Despite the appellant’s failure to attach an affidavit to his motion for new trial,

the trial court nevertheless engaged in a thorough analysis of the issues presented – listening

to several hours of jailhouse communications between the appellant and his wife, reading

relevant portions of the trial transcript, and reviewing the arguments of counsel “multiple

times.” The trial court did not act unreasonably, arbitrarily, or unconscionably when it denied

the appellant’s motion for new trial, and as such did not abuse its discretion. The appellant’s

second assignment of error is without merit and is overruled.

ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR NO. III

{¶32} The appellant argues in his third assignment of error that the trial court

committed plain error by precluding him from cross-examining the appellee’s witness

regarding the context of the jailhouse communications between the appellant and his wife.

We disagree.

Standard of Review

{¶33} As set forth above, to establish plain error the appellant must show that an error

occurred, that the error was obvious, and that the error affected the outcome of the trial.

Analysis

{¶34} The appellant argues that he was precluded from cross-examining the

appellee’s witness regarding the context of the pertinent jailhouse communications, and that

this error rises to the level of plain error. It does not. The argument mischaracterizes what

transpired during trial, as the appellant was not conclusively precluded from cross-examining

the witness regarding the jailhouse communications. While the trial court did state that at that

time it considered testimony regarding the alleged infidelity to be hearsay, it specifically stated

that it was making said determination “at this time,” suggesting that it would reconsider the

issue if the information later became relevant. Thus, the trial court determined, at the time

the issue arose, that the testimony sought via the appellant’s cross-examination of Detective

Shawger elicited hearsay, but left the possibility open for further ruling on the issue. In

addition, as set forth above, ample evidence was presented to the jury through the testimony

of the witnesses, especially that of the victim, as well as printouts of the appellant’s messages

to B.V., which the jury found compelling and supported its guilty verdict on both charges.

The appellant’s third assignment of error is without merit and is overruled.

CONCLUSION

{¶35} Based upon the foregoing, the appellant’s assignments of error numbers one,

two, and three are without merit and are therefore overruled. The decision of the Muskingum

County Court of Common Pleas is hereby affirmed.

{¶36} Costs to appellant.

By: Baldwin, J.

King, P.J. and

Gormley, J. concur.