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Liggett v. Lutey

2026-08-31

Summary

Holding. The court dismissed the election complaint because it failed to state a claim for relief in a primary election contest; the complaint relied on speculation about whether alleged errors and irregularities could have caused a difference in results and provided no evidence that correcting them would have yielded enough additional votes to overcome the substantial 11,000-vote deficit.

Travis Liggett, who finished sixth in Maui's first special election for mayor, filed a complaint challenging the election results. He alleged that errors and inaccuracies in government publications and communications about his public policy record could have influenced voters and potentially changed the outcome. However, Liggett acknowledged that he trailed the second-place finisher by over 11,000 votes and provided no concrete evidence that correcting these alleged errors would have given him enough additional votes to advance to the second election.

The court found that Liggett's complaint relied on speculation rather than demonstrable facts. Under Hawaii law, an election contest complaint must allege causes—such as provable fraud or vote counting errors—that could have actually changed the results, not merely caused them theoretically. Because Liggett failed to present evidence showing that the alleged errors would have produced a material difference in votes given the substantial margin of defeat, the complaint did not meet the legal standard for an election contest.

Summary generated by law.co from the public-domain opinion. The opinion text itself is public domain.

Key issues

  • Standard for pleading an election contest complaint under Hawaii law
  • Whether alleged errors in government communications could constitute grounds for overturning election results
  • Burden of proof required to demonstrate that alleged election irregularities would have changed the outcome

Procedural posture

This is an original proceeding in the Hawaii Supreme Court brought by an unsuccessful mayoral candidate to contest the results of a special election held on August 8, 2026.

Authorities cited

No cited authorities resolved to law.co cases yet.

Opinion

majority opinion

Electronically Filed

Supreme Court

SCEC-XX-XXXXXXX

31-AUG-2026

08:17 AM

SCEC-XX-XXXXXXX Dkt. 40 ORD

IN THE SUPREME COURT OF THE STATE OF HAWAIʻI

TRAVIS A. LIGGETT,

Plaintiff,

vs.

MOANA M. LUTEY, in her official capacity as

County Clerk of the County of Maui;

RICHARD T. BISSEN, JR.; and YUKI LEI KASHIWA SUGIMURA,

Defendants.

ORIGINAL PROCEEDING

ORDER DISMISSING COMPLAINT

(By: Devens, C.J., McKenna, Eddins, and Ginoza, JJ.,

and Intermediate Court of Appeals Judge Gluck,

assigned by reason of vacancy)

On August 24, 2026, Plaintiff Travis A. Liggett (Liggett)

filed a complaint contesting the August 8, 2026 first special

election for Mayor of the County of Maui. Liggett was an

unsuccessful mayoral candidate, placing sixth in the first

special election. See Charter of the County of Maui § 7-2(3)

(stating that, where there are three or more candidates for

Mayor, the names of the two candidates receiving the highest

number of votes in the first special election shall be placed on

the ballot for the second special election).

Liggett’s complaint alleges that errors or irregularities

occurred in connection with government publications and

communications that “could have” caused, or were “legally

capable” of causing, a difference in the election results

because these errors or irregularities resulted in a materially

inaccurate account of Liggett’s public policy record. Liggett

asserts that, as a result, voter comparisons among the mayoral

candidates were adversely affected.

At the same time, Liggett acknowledges that the over 11,000

vote difference between Liggett and the second-place candidate

is “substantial.” Liggett nonetheless requests that this court:

(1) based on the evidence presented by Liggett, determine that

an error, irregularity, or other cause “could have” caused or

was “legally capable” of causing a difference in the election

results; and (2), based on that decision of error, decide which

candidates were lawfully nominated. Liggett claims that an

accurate account of Liggett’s public policy record “could have

caused a significant number of voters to rank or select the

candidates differently.”

Hawaiʻi Revised Statutes (HRS) Section 11-172 (Supp. 2021)

states that an election complaint “shall set forth any cause or

causes, such as but not limited to, provable fraud, overages, or

underages, that could cause a difference in the election

results.” See Dicks v. Office of Elections, 155 Hawaiʻi 102,

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106, 557 P.3d 831, 835 (2024) (“To state a claim under HRS § 11-172, the election contest complaint, at the bare minimum, must

plead that the conduct in question by the election official

could cause a difference in the election results.”).

HRS Section 11-172’s requirements for an election complaint

are viewed in context with the relief allowed in a primary

election contest, which is that this court’s judgment “shall

decide what candidate was nominated or elected, as the case may

be, in the manner presented by the petition[.]” HRS § 11-173.5(b) (2009). Thus, the causes alleged in Liggett’s

complaint should result in a change in which candidates were

nominated to proceed to the 2026 second special election for

Mayor. See HRS §§ 11-172, 11-173.5(b). Liggett’s complaint

fails to meet this standard.

“An election contest cannot be based upon mere belief or

indefinite information.” Akaka v. Yoshina, 84 Hawaiʻi 383, 387–

88, 935 P.2d 98, 102–03 (1997). For example, it is insufficient

for a complaint to merely point to a “poorly run and

inadequately supervised election process” that suggests “room

for abuse” or “possibilities of fraud” that could cause a

difference in election results. Id. at 388, 935 P.2d at 103.

Similar to the insufficient basis identified in Akaka,

Liggett’s complaint asks this court to engage in speculation as

to whether the alleged errors or irregularities associated with

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the government publications and communications “could have”

caused, or were “legally capable” of causing, a difference in

the election results notwithstanding the “substantial” vote

difference between Liggett and the second-place candidate. For

example, other than speculation, Liggett does not provide any

evidence showing that, had the alleged errors or irregularities

been corrected prior to the election, Liggett would have

received enough additional votes to be the second-place

candidate. See HRS § 11-173.5(b); Akaka, 84 Hawaiʻi at 388, 935

P.2d at 103 (observing that a plaintiff has the burden of

demonstrating that the specific acts and conduct complained of

would have had the effect of changing the results).

Liggett’s complaint fails to state a claim upon which

relief may be granted in a primary election contest.

Accordingly, the complaint is dismissed.

It is also ordered that the motion filed August 24, 2026,

is denied as moot.

DATED: Honolulu, Hawaiʻi, August 31, 2026.

/s/ Vladimir P. Devens

/s/ Sabrina S. McKenna

/s/ Todd W. Eddins

/s/ Lisa M. Ginoza

/s/ Daniel M. Gluck

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