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Senisch v. Comegys

2026-09-01

Summary

Holding. Defendant Comegys's Motion to Dismiss is granted, and the amended complaint is dismissed because the statute of limitations bars the claim (tolling is unavailable as the square footage discrepancy was observable since purchase in 2018) and res judicata prevents relitigation of claims that were rejected in the original pending action.

Michael Senisch purchased a residential property in 2018 and has pursued litigation against the seller and related parties for over five years in a separate action pending trial. After a judge in that original action denied his fourth request to amend the complaint to add fraud claims regarding an alleged square footage discrepancy, Senisch filed this new lawsuit against one of the original defendants—W. Robert Comegys—under the Delaware Consumer Protection Act. Notably, Senisch had previously stipulated to dismiss all claims against Comegys with prejudice in 2022.

Comegys moved to dismiss, arguing the claim was barred by the statute of limitations, res judicata, and failed to state a claim. The court found both defenses applied. Regarding the statute of limitations, the court held that Senisch could not invoke the discovery rule to toll the three-year limitations period because a discrepancy of approximately half the marketed square footage was observable and objective—facts that were available to Senisch in 2018 when he purchased the property with assistance from a licensed real estate agent and access to governmental records. The court also found res judicata barred the claim because Senisch was attempting to re-package identical allegations in a new lawsuit after a judge had already considered and rejected those same claims as futile in the original action. The court declined to impose Rule 11 sanctions, though it noted concern about the initial complaint's failure to reference the pending litigation.

Summary generated by law.co from the public-domain opinion. The opinion text itself is public domain.

Key issues

  • Whether the discovery rule tolls the statute of limitations for a claim based on an allegedly misrepresented property square footage
  • Whether res judicata bars claims re-filed in a new action after identical claims were denied in a pending original action
  • Whether a half-discrepancy in a home's square footage is an inherently unknowable injury or an observable fact

Procedural posture

Plaintiff filed a motion to amend his complaint in this action; defendant moved to dismiss on statute of limitations, res judicata, and failure to state a claim grounds.

Authorities cited

Opinion

majority opinion

IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE

MICHAEL C. SENISCH )

)

Plaintiff, )

)

v. ) C.A. No. N26C-06-211 SSA

)

)

W. ROBERT COMEGYS, individually )

and as Listing Agent, )

)

MICHAEL L. MCGAVISK, individually )

and as Broker of Record, )

)

Defendants. )

Submitted: August 28, 2026

Decided: September 1, 2026

Plaintiff’s Motion to Amend Complaint: Granted

Defendant Comegys’ Motion to Dismiss: Granted

Litigants are not entitled to a second bite at the apple by re-filing under a new

legal theory, with a new judge, after a claim is denied. For the past five years,

Plaintiff has pursued another lawsuit in this Court, with an impending trial date.1

The Court will refer to that litigation as the original action throughout this decision.

After the Judge in the original action denied his ability to file a fourth Amended

Complaint to add claims related to an alleged discrepancy in the size of his home,

Plaintiff filed this lawsuit. Eight years after the purchase of his home, Plaintiff seeks

1

C.A. No. N21C-11-197 JEA.

to bring an individual Defendant back into Court, after having previously agreed to

dismiss all claims against him.

At the outset, the Court must address a procedural matter. Plaintiff filed a

Motion for Leave to File a Proposed Second Amended Complaint. 2 The request is

granted pursuant to Rule 15(a). For the reasons that follow, the Amended Complaint

is dismissed.

The Original Action

The original action concerns the sale of a residential property in 2018.3

Plaintiff was the buyer. The Complaint has been amended three times. The

substance of the original action is breach of contract, fraud, fraudulent

misrepresentation, and negligent construction related to the Seller’s Disclosure.

On April 12, 2022, Plaintiff stipulated to the dismissal, with prejudice, of

Defendant Comegys. Comegys is a principal of BCC Investment Properties, LLC.4

BCC remains a defendant in the original action. Earlier this year, a Judge of this

Court considered Plaintiff’s fourth request “to add fraud allegations against BCC

2

D.I. 24.

3

See Complaint C.A. No. N21C-11-197 JEA.

4

See Amended Complaint in this case at ¶¶ 6, 39.

related to the square footage of his home” 5 to the original action. The request was

denied on February 9, 2026.

The Judge assigned to the original action determined the request to amend was

“futile.”6 The Court determined “Senisch has had ample time to discover and litigate

such a significant discrepancy in the square footage of his home.”7 The Judge found

a second reason these proposed claims would be futile “based on the incorporation

clause of the Agreement of Sale by which Senish disclaims any reliance on any

representations outside of that document.” 8

This Action

This litigation, again brought by Mr. Senisch, relates to the sale of the same

residential property. Plaintiff’s Amended Complaint assert a claim pursuant to the

Delaware Consumer Protection Act against Mr. Comegys. The 34-page initial

Complaint,9 did not mention the original action. The initial Complaint made no

reference to the stipulation of dismissal against Comegys four years ago, in the

original action.

5

Senisch v. BCC Investment Properties, LLC, 2026 WL 372893 *2 (Del. Super.). 6

Id. at *3.

7

Id. at *4.

8

Id.

9

C.A. No. N26C-06-211 SSA, D.I. 1.

Comegys moved to dismiss this action on grounds that it is barred by res

judicata, is time-barred, and fails to state a claim. 10 Comegys also asks this Court

to impose sanctions. The cat out of the bag with Defendant’s Motion to Dismiss,

Plaintiff’s Proposed Second Amended Complaint acknowledges the original action

but seeks to differentiate it. In supplemental briefing, Plaintiff argues res judicata

and the statute of limitations do not apply because of “the facts and information

reasonably available to Plaintiff before Comegys’s 2022 dismissal…”11

Statute of Limitations

It is undisputed that the applicable limitations period is three years.12 Tolling

is possible, in limited circumstances. In this case, Plaintiff bears the burden of

establishing tolling, as he seeks to assert its application.13 Plaintiff invokes the

discovery rule, wherein “the statute is tolled where the injury is ‘inherently

unknowable and the claimant is blamelessly ignorant of the wrongful act and the

injury complained of.” 14 For application of this doctrine “there must have been no

observable or objective factors to put a party on notice of an injury.” 15

10

D.I. 13.

11

D.I. 28. at p. 7.

12

10 Del. C. § 8106; D.I. 28 at p. 9.

13

Banner v. Hockessin Chase, L.P., 2022 WL 1537382 * 5 (Del. Super.) citing Reid v. Thompson Homes at Centreville, Inc., 2007 WL 4248478 (Del. Super.).

14

Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. v. AIG Life Ins. Co., 860 A.2d 312, 319-320 (Del. 2004) quoting Coleman v. Pricewaterhousecoopers, LLC, 854 A.2d 838 (Del. 2004).

15

Reid v. Thompson Homes at Centreville, Inc., 2007 WL 4248478 * 8 (Del. Super.) quoting In re Dean Witter Partnership Litigation, 1998 WL 442456 at *5 (Del. Ch.). Res Judicata

“[R]es judicata extends to all issues which might have been raised and decided

in the first suit as well as to all issues that were actually decided.” 16 This doctrine is

best understood as promoting efficiency and it “prevent[s] vexatious litigation.”17

Based upon the guidance from the Delaware Supreme Court in the LaPoint18

decision, if the following factors apply, then this claim is barred:

(1) The original court had jurisdiction over the subject matter and the parties;

(2) The parties are the same, or in privity;

(3) The original action or its issues are the same as the instant case;

(4) There was an adverse decision;

(5) The decision in the prior action was final.

Analysis

These issues are straightforward. Plaintiff has been the homeowner since

2018. He concedes that the statute of limitations is a bar unless tolling is

applicable. 19 Tolling pursuant to the discovery doctrine is not applicable to a

discrepancy (by half) related to the size of the home which Plaintiff has owned for

16

Lapoint v. AmerisourceBergen Corp., 970 A.2d 185, 191-2 (Del. 2009).

17

Id. at p. 191.

18

Id. citing Dover Historical Society, Inc. v. City of Dover Planning Commission, 902 A.2d 1084, 1092 (Del. 2006).

19

See Plaintiff’s Supplemental Brief, at p. 9. “Absent tolling, the November 28, 2018 purchase would place the claim facially outside the three-year limitations period.” eight years. The facts within the Amended Complaint do not enable Plaintiff to carry

his burden of establishing the statute of limitations period was tolled.

Plaintiff claims breach of the Delaware Consumer Protection Act because he

maintains “historical professional records” reflect a discrepancy in square footage

from how the home was marketed. 20 Plaintiff claims the size discrepancy was

inherently unknowable to him until Tyler Technologies conducted a reassessment of

the property. Plaintiff alleges the Tyler Technologies reassessment prompted him to

investigate “objective governmental or professional-record information

contradicting the marketed square-footage representation.”21

Plaintiff’s claim is that the home was marketed to him as 5,995 feet. The

Complaint alleges historical residential records reflect approximately 3,375 square

feet. According to Plaintiff, another sale record reflects 3,325 available square feet.

Despite Plaintiff’s allegation that this was all unknown to him until the Tyler

Technologies report, his Amended Complaint acknowledges “Plaintiff and his wife,

[were] assisted by a licensed Redfin real estate agent…” 22 Despite that assistance

through the sale process, paragraph 27 of Plaintiff’s Amended Complaint asserts

“these historical “Residential” IDX records were not available to him (Plaintiff)

20

Comegys also argues Plaintiff fails state a claim. As this decision dismisses pursuant to statute of limitations and res judicata, that will not be addressed.

21

Plaintiff’s Supplemental Briefing at p. 11.

22

Amended Complaint, ¶ 13.

before settlement because they were accessible only through licensed real estate

professionals.”23

Plaintiff asserts the discrepancy recently became known to him “through

governmental sources and a licensed Delaware real estate professional.”24

Therefore, Plaintiff utilized accessible governmental sources and a real estate

agent—both were also available him to him in 2018. Finally, and at its most basic,

the Complaint alleges a discrepancy in the size of the home by half. The Court finds

that is observable. It was observable as of 2018. The statute of limitations is a bar

to this claim and tolling is unavailable on the facts as alleged by Plaintiff.

The Court also finds res judicata applies. This case against Comegys alleging

a violation of the Delaware Consumer Protection Act was filed in the same Court as

the original action, satisfying the first factor. Plaintiff’s later filings reveal Comegys

was both in the original action and Comegys is in privity with a defendant remaining

in the original action. Not only does the original action involve the same real estate

transaction, but Plaintiff also sought to add these very same claims, packaged

differently, just months ago. The Judge in the original action considered the request

to add these claims and issued a written decision, denying the request. The decision

23

Amended Complaint, p. 27.

24

Amended Complaint ¶ 31.

denying the fourth motion to amend the complaint was final. For these reasons, res

judicata also bars this claim.

Sanctions

Comegys seeks Rule 11 sanctions. Rule 11(c)(1)(A) applies to sanctions made

by motion. The Rule requires the motion requesting sanctions be served upon the

opposing party but not immediately filed with the Court. This is designed to provide

time for the opposing party to consider and withdraw the filing.

The Court recognizes the time and expense incurred by Comegys in defending

this action. The Court is particularly troubled by the filing of the initial Complaint

without any reference to the pending litigation or this Court’s denial of his motion

on February 9, 2026. Having said that, there are specific procedural requirements

the Court must honor for sanctions requested under this posture. Certainly, this

Court could issue a rule to show cause, pursuant to Rule 11(b). However, at this

point, this case is dismissed. It is the Court’s intention that the parties prepare for

their upcoming day in Court and therefore a Rule to Show Cause will not be issued.

The Motion to Dismiss is granted.

IT IS SO ORDERED.

/s/Sonia Augusthy

Judge Sonia Augusthy