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Chilcoat v. Timmerman

2026-09-14

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[Cite as Chilcoat v. Timmerman, 2026-Ohio-3593.]

IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO

THIRD APPELLATE DISTRICT

MERCER COUNTY

SHAWNDALE D. CHILCOAT, ET AL.,

CASE NO. 10-26-13

PLAINTIFFS-APPELLANTS,

v.

DOUG TIMMERMAN, SHERIFF OF OPINION AND

MERCER COUNTY, OHIO, JUDGMENT ENTRY

DEFENDANT-APPELLEE.

Appeal from Mercer County Common Pleas Court

Civil Division

Trial Court No. 26-CIV-025

Judgment Affirmed

Date of Decision: September 14, 2026

APPEARANCES:

Shawndale D. Chilcoat and Donald E. Chilcoat, Appellants

Amy B. Ikerd for Appellee

Case No. 10-26-13

WALDICK, J.

{¶1} Plaintiffs-appellants, Shawndale Chilcoat and Donald Chilcoat (“the

Chilcoats”), appeal the April 1, 2026 judgment of the Mercer County Court of

Common Pleas dismissing their petition for amercement filed against defendantappellee, Doug Timmerman (“Timmerman”). On appeal, the Chilcoats argue that

the trial court erred in granting the Civ.R. 12(B)(6) motion to dismiss filed by

Timmerman. For the reasons set forth below, we affirm.

Facts and Procedural History

{¶2} On February 11, 2026, the Chilcoats filed a pro se petition for

amercement in the trial court against Timmerman, the current Sheriff of Mercer

County. In the petition, the Chilcoats asserted that Timmerman is liable under

Ohio’s amercement statutes for his alleged failure, as a deputy sheriff, to “process

arrests on Mercer County soil.” (Petition for Amercement, Docket No. 3).

{¶3} On February 20, 2026, Timmerman filed a motion pursuant to Civ.R.

12(B)(6), seeking to dismiss the Chilcoats’ petition on the basis that it failed to state

a claim upon which relief can be granted.

{¶4} On March 3, 2026, the Chilcoats filed a response in opposition to

Timmerman’s motion to dismiss.

{¶5} On April 1, 2026, the trial court filed a judgment entry granting the

motion to dismiss filed by Timmerman.

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{¶6} On April 29, 2026, the Chilcoats filed this appeal, in which they raise

seven assignments of error.

First Assignment of Error

The trial court erred by dismissing Plaintiffs-Appellants’ Petition

for Amercement under Civ.R. 12(B)(6), where PlaintiffsAppellants pleaded mandatory ministerial duties imposed by

R.C. Chapter 2707, R.C 311.07, R.C. 311.08, Crim.R. 4, Crim.R.

41, and related Ohio law.

Second Assignment of Error

The trial court erred by improperly resolving disputed factual

issues at the pleading stage, including disputed custody, authority,

officer identity, Ohio participation, warrant processing, custody

transfer, evidence control, and accountability issues.

Third Assignment of Error

The trial court erred by treating the absence, denial, withholding,

contradiction, disclaimer, or nonproduction of custody, warrantreturn, inventory, transfer, seizure, officer-identification,

booking, processing, and accountability records as defeating the

Petition, where Plaintiffs-Appellants pleaded that those missing

or unresolved records were themselves part of the breach alleged.

Fourth Assignment of Error

The trial court erred by accepting Defendant’s federal-only

narrative and treating federal involvement as automatically

extinguishing Ohio-law duties or sheriff-side accountability

without identifying any federal statute, order, forfeiture

proceeding, adoption procedure, turnover authority, or

preemption rule displacing otherwise-applicable Ohio duties.

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Fifth Assignment of Error

The trial court erred by treating Plaintiffs-Appellants’ Petition as

a challenge to federal authority rather than a petition seeking

enforcement of Ohio duties, recordkeeping obligations, custodial

responsibilities, accountability requirements, and ministerial

duties concerning acts, property, records, seizures, custody

transfers, and events occurring on Ohio soil.

Sixth Assignment of Error

The trial court erred by permitting Defendant’s denials and

federal-only narrative to defeat the Petition before discovery even

though Plaintiffs-Appellants specifically alleged that the

identifying records, officer-participation records, custody

records, and accountability materials necessary to resolve those

disputes were withheld, denied, fragmented, or unresolved.

Seventh Assignment of Error

The trial court’s dismissal deprived Plaintiffs-Appellants of due

process, meaningful access to courts, and a forum for Ohio

statutory claims under Ohio Constitution, Article I, Section 16,

and preserved substantial federal questions concerning property

rights, custody transfers, extradition, and the Fourth, Fifth, and

Fourteenth Amendments to the U.S. Constitution.

Analysis of Assignments of Error

{¶7} In the seven assignments of error, which this Court shall collectively

address, the Chilcoats assert that, for various reasons, the trial court erred in

dismissing their petition for amercement pursuant to Civ.R. 12(B)(6).

Civ.R. 12(B) provides in relevant part:

Every defense, in law or fact, to a claim for relief in any pleading,

whether a claim, counterclaim, cross-claim, or third-party claim, shall

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be asserted in the responsive pleading thereto if one is required, except

that the following defenses may at the option of the pleader be made

by motion:

***

(6) [f]ailure to state a claim upon which relief can be granted[.]

{¶8} A Civ.R. 12(B)(6) motion to dismiss for failure to state a claim upon

which relief can be granted is procedural and tests the legal sufficiency of the

complaint. State ex rel. Hanson v. Guernsey Cty. Bd. of Comm’rs., 1992-Ohio-73,

¶ 9. For a trial court to dismiss a complaint on that basis, “it must appear beyond

doubt from the complaint that the plaintiff can prove no set of facts entitling him to

recovery.” O'Brien v. Univ. Community Tenants Union, Inc., 42 Ohio St.2d 242,

syllabus (1975).

{¶9} If there is a set of facts consistent with the plaintiff’s complaint that

would allow for recovery, the court must not grant the motion to dismiss. York v.

Ohio State Hwy. Patrol, 60 Ohio St.3d 143, 145 (1991). In considering

a Civ.R. 12(B)(6) motion to dismiss, the court’s review is limited to the four corners

of the complaint. State ex rel. New Riegel Local School Dist. Bd. of Educ. v. Ohio

School Facilities Comm., 2017-Ohio-875, ¶ 10 (3d Dist.).

{¶10} Appellate courts conduct a de novo review of trial court decisions

granting a Civ.R. 12(B)(6) motion to dismiss. Perrysburg Twp. v. City of Rossford,

2004-Ohio-4362, ¶ 5. “On review, ‘[t]he allegations of the complaint must be taken

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as true, and those allegations and any reasonable inferences drawn from them must

be construed in the nonmoving party’s favor.’” Faber v. Seneca Cty. Sheriff's Dept.,

2018-Ohio-786, ¶ 7 (3d Dist.), quoting Ohio Bur. of Workers’ Comp. v. McKinley,

2011-Ohio-4432, ¶ 12. However, a court need not accept as true any unsupported

and conclusory legal propositions advanced in a complaint. Bullard v. McDonald’s,

2021-Ohio-1505, ¶ 11 (10th Dist.), citing Morrow v. Reminger & Reminger Co.

LPA, 2009-Ohio-2665, ¶ 7 (10th Dist.). Dismissing an action for failure to state a

claim upon which relief can be granted may be warranted “when a complaint is

frivolous or the claimant obviously cannot prevail on the facts alleged in the

complaint.” State ex rel. Scott v. City of Cleveland, 2006-Ohio-6573, ¶ 14.

{¶11} In the instant case, following this Court’s de novo review of the

Chilcoats’ petition and upon application of the law relevant to the Civ.R. 12(B)(6)

dismissal, we conclude that the trial court correctly determined that dismissal

pursuant to Civ.R. 12(B)(6) was warranted.

{¶12} This case involves the dismissal of a petition for amercement, which

is a special remedy outlined in R.C. Chapter 2707. “To amerce is to punish.” Ryan

v. Carter, 67 Ohio St.3d 568, 569 (1993), citing 1 Oxford English Dictionary 396-397 (2d Ed. 1989). In Ryan, the Supreme Court of Ohio characterized amercement

as a “seldom-used remedy”, and noted that “it is questionable why this archaic

procedure remains[.]” Id., at 569. However, the Ohio Supreme Court further stated

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that Ohio courts “will enforce R.C. Chapter 2707 until the General Assembly

removes it from the books.” Id.

{¶13} R.C. Chapter 2707 contains two sections setting forth the

circumstances under which amercement is available as a punitive remedy to be

imposed against an officer.

R.C. 2707.01 provides:

If an execution or order of sale directed to an officer comes to his

hands to be executed, and he neglects or refuses to execute it; or if he

neglects or refuses to sell property of any kind which, by a writ or

order, he is directed to sell; or fails to call an inquest, or to return to

the clerk’s office a copy of the certificate of appraisement made by

the inquest; or neglects to return to the proper court an execution or

order of sale to him directed on or before the return day thereof; or

neglects to return a correct inventory of personal property taken on

execution unless he returns that the amount of the judgment, including

costs, has been paid to him; or neglects, on demand, to pay to the

person entitled thereto, money by him collected or received for the

use of such person; or neglects or refuses, on demand, to pay the

judgment debtor all money by him received on sale made, beyond

what is sufficient to satisfy the writ or order of sale, with interest and

costs, on motion in court, and notice thereof, in writing, as provided

in section 2707.02 of the Revised Code, such officer shall be amerced

in the amount of such judgment, including costs, with ten per cent

thereon, to and for the use of the plaintiff or defendant.

R.C. 2707.03 provides:

If an officer fails to execute a summons, order, execution, or other

process directed to him, or to return it, as required by law, unless he

makes it appear, to the satisfaction of the court, that he was prevented

by unavoidable accident from so doing, he shall be amerced, upon

motion and notice, as provided in sections 2707.01 and 2707.02 of the

Revised Code, in a sum not exceeding one thousand dollars, and be

liable to the action of any person aggrieved by such failure. Such

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officer is not liable to an action or amercement for a failure to execute

such process directed to him from a county other than that in which

he was elected, unless his fees are deposited with the clerk who issued

the process, and an indorsement is made and subscribed by such clerk

thereon at the time of its issue, in these words: “Funds are deposited

to pay the sheriff on this process.”

{¶14} “The amercement statute is highly penal in nature.” Takacs v. Baldwin,

106 Ohio App.3d 196, 204 (6th Dist. 1995), citing Ryan v. Carter, supra, at 569;

Langdon v. Summers’ Admr., 10 Ohio St. 77, paragraph two of the syllabus

(1859); Rodgers v. Rodgers, 74 Ohio App. 3d 580, 583 (1991). “Because the

amercement statute is penal in nature, it must be construed in favor of the execution

officer.” Takacs at 206, citing Webb v. Anspach, 3 Ohio St. 522 (1854); Borst v.

Donnelly, 3 Ohio L. Abs. 21 (1924). “Before a sheriff can be subjected to the

statute’s penalties, it must be proven that the sheriff’s alleged neglect falls not only

within the letter but also the spirit of the statute.” Takacs at 206, citing Langdon v.

Summers’ Admr., supra, paragraph two of the syllabus.

{¶15} In the case before us, the Chilcoats’ petition for amercement reads as

follows, omitting the caption and signatures:

PETITION FOR AMERCEMENT – R.C. 2707.01, 2707.03, 2707.05

Shawndale Chilcoat & Donald Chilcoat ask the Court to amerce

Doug Timmerman, sheriff’s deputy at the time, individually.

He had statutory duty – R.C. 311.07, Crim.R. 4, Crim.R. 41 – to

process arrests on Mercer County soil.

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He failed.

Duties ministerial, mandatory, and non-discretionary.

Penalty: full value of the matter neglected – custody, processing,

detention, and liberty withheld – plus ten percent thereon and statutory

interest, pursuant to R.C. 2707.03.

(Petition for Amercement, Docket No. 3).

{¶16} Thus, a review of the petition reflects that it alleges merely that

Timmerman, at some unspecified time when he was a deputy sheriff, failed “to

process arrests on Mercer County soil” when he had a statutory duty to do so. That

allegation sets forth no facts falling within the criteria for amercement found in R.C.

2707.01 or R.C. 2707.03, supra. Put another way, the petition does not allege,

pursuant to R.C. 2707.01, the existence of any writ of execution or order of sale

directed at Timmerman that he failed to execute as ordered, any failure on his part

to call an inquest, any failure to return a correct inventory of personal property taken

on execution of judgment, or any other failure to comply with an order relating to

an execution of judgment. Nor does the petition allege, pursuant to R.C. 2707.03,

that Timmerman failed to execute a summons, order, execution, or other process

directed to him, or to return it, as required by law.

{¶17} As the Chilcoats’ petition for amercement fails to allege, much less

identify supporting facts with any particularity, that Timmerman breached any duty

set forth in the amercement statutes, the trial court did not err in dismissing the

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petition pursuant to Civ.R. 12(B)(6) for failing to state a claim upon which relief

can be granted.

{¶18} The seven assignments of error are overruled.

Conclusion

{¶19} Having found no error prejudicial to the plaintiffs-appellants in the

particulars assigned and argued, the April 1, 2026 judgment of the Mercer County

Court of Common Pleas is affirmed.

Judgment affirmed

ZIMMERMAN, P.J., and MILLER, J., concur.

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JUDGMENT ENTRY

For the reasons stated in the opinion of this Court, the assignments of error

are overruled and it is the judgment and order of this Court that the judgment of the

trial court is affirmed with costs assessed to Appellants for which judgment is

hereby rendered. The cause is hereby remanded to the trial court for execution of

the judgment for costs.

It is further ordered that the Clerk of this Court certify a copy of this Court’s

judgment entry and opinion to the trial court as the mandate prescribed by App.R.

27; and serve a copy of this Court’s judgment entry and opinion on each party to the

proceedings and note the date of service in the docket. See App.R. 30.

Juergen A. Waldick, Judge

William R. Zimmerman, Judge

Mark C. Miller, Judge

DATED:

/jlm

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