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Harris v. The State

Supreme Court of Georgia1921-10-14No. No. 2568
152 Ga. 193

Summary

Holding. The judgment of conviction was affirmed. The trial court did not abuse its discretion in admitting the sheriff's testimony regarding Harris's statement about self-defense, did not err in declining to charge the jury on confessions when Harris admitted the killing but claimed justification, and based the verdict on sufficient evidence.

Harris was indicted for murder and tried in Baldwin Superior Court. The defendant admitted to shooting the deceased but claimed he acted in self-defense. The trial court admitted testimony from the sheriff regarding Harris's statement to him about the shooting and self-defense claim, ruling it relevant to the case despite the defendant's objection that it was not a confession. The court also admitted testimony from a nine-year-old witness after determining the child was competent to testify.

Harris challenged various evidentiary rulings and the trial court's jury instructions. He argued the court erred in admitting the sheriff's testimony and failed to properly instruct the jury on the law of confessions. The appellate court rejected these arguments, finding that the sheriff's testimony was admissible as relevant evidence, that a confession instruction was inappropriate when the defendant admitted the killing but claimed justification, and that the jury had sufficient evidence to find guilt.

Summary generated by law.co from the public-domain opinion. The opinion text itself is public domain.

Key issues

  • Admissibility of a defendant's out-of-court statement to law enforcement regarding the killing and self-defense claim
  • Whether a jury charge on confessions is required when a defendant admits the killing but claims justification
  • Competency of a child witness under nine years of age to testify
  • Sufficiency of evidence for conviction when defendant admits the killing but asserts self-defense

Procedural posture

Harris was convicted of murder in the trial court and appealed, raising multiple assignments of error regarding the admission of evidence and jury instructions.

Authorities cited

No cited authorities resolved to law.co cases yet.

Opinion

majority opinion

Hill, J.

1. “ Tlie time to be allowed counsel to prepare for trial is in the sound discretion of the trial judge, which discretion will not be interfered with by this court, unless abused. No unusual or intricate matters of law or fact appearing, and nothing being shown as to public excitement, there was no abuse of discretion in overruling the motion for a continuance upon the ground of want of time to prepare for trial.” Charlon v. State, 106 Ga. 400 (2) (32 S. E. 347); Kelloy v. State, 151 Ga. 551 (107 S. E. 488).

No. 2568.

October 14, 1921.

... Indictment for murder. Before Judge Park. Baldwin superior court. March 10, 1921.

" T. D. Luther and D. S. Sanford, for plaintiff in error.

R. A. Denny, attorney-ge.neral, Doyle Campbell, solicitor-general, Graham Wright, asst, atty.-gen., and A. Y. Clement, contra.

• 2. There were sufficient circumstances, together with the admission of the shooting by the defendant, to establish the corpus delicti.

3. Error is assigned because the court permitted the sheriff to testify as follows: “I had a conversation with Gene Harris [defendant] sometime after he was placed in- my custody. He was there one day at the door, and I asked him why he wanted to kill his wife, and he said he did it in self-defense, and I think he tried to show me some scars on him — and I paid no attention.” The objection to this evidence was that it was not a confession. The court ruled that “ If he stated to the sheriff he killed his wife in self-defense, it would be relevant testimony, if the solicitor desires to introduce it.” Held, that while the evidence did not amount to a confession of guilt by the accused, it was relevant on the issues in the case.

4. Other assignments of error on the admissibility of evidence, where sufficient to raise any question for consideration by this court, are not of sufficient materiality to cause the grant of a new trial.

5. Where one accused of a homicide admits the killing but in connection with the admission states that he acted in self-defense, and where in his statement to the jury he also admits the shooting of the deceased but claims justification, the ease is not one dependent wholly upon circumstantial evidence; and failure of the court to charge upon that subject is not cause for reversal. Eberhart v. State, 47 Ga. 598, 599 (8); Griner v. State, 121 Ga. 614 (2) (49 S. E. 700); Wilburn v. State, 141 Ga. 510 (9), 513 (81 S. E. 444).

6. Where, upon the trial of one accused of homicide, the accused admitted ! the killing of the deceased, but claimed that he was justified in so doing, a charge on the law of confessions was unauthorized. Owens v. State, 120 Ga. 296 (48 S. E. 21). Moreover, the failure of the court to charge the law of confessions, in the absence of an appropriate and timely request, is not cause for the grant of a new trial. Benjamin v. State, 150 Ga. 78 (102 S. E. 427).

7. On objection to the testimony of a child nine years of age as a witness, based on his youthfulness, the answers given in response to questions were sufficient to authorize the judge to hold the witness competent to testify. Lucas v. State, 146 Ga. 315 (2) (91 S. E. 72).

8. The jury were authorized, under the evidence, to find the defendant guilty.

Judgment affirmed.

All the Justices concur, except Atkinson, •/., absent . on account of sickness.