LAW.coLAW.co

MULL v. AKINS

Supreme Court of Georgia1922-03-04No. No. 2632
153 Ga. 92

Summary

Holding. The trial court lacked jurisdiction over the person of the nonresident defendant and over the subject matter of the suit, and therefore properly dismissed the action upon general demurrer. The judgment is affirmed.

Mull brought an equitable action against Akins, a Tennessee resident, seeking appointment of a receiver over Akins's property in Georgia. Mull alleged that Akins breached a warranty deed and committed fraud that left Mull unable to collect a $5000 debt or satisfy a mortgage on Akins's Georgia land. The trial court appointed a receiver but later sustained Akins's demurrer and dismissed the action, finding it lacked jurisdiction over both Akins's person and the subject matter.

The appellate court addressed a procedural issue first: Akins initially moved to discharge the receiver on jurisdictional grounds, but this motion was properly treated as a demurrer, which could not be finally decided before the case's appearance term. On the merits, the court determined that the petition's own allegations demonstrated the trial court lacked personal jurisdiction over the nonresident defendant and lacked subject-matter jurisdiction. Accordingly, dismissal was appropriate.

Summary generated by law.co from the public-domain opinion. The opinion text itself is public domain.

Key issues

  • Personal jurisdiction over a nonresident defendant
  • Subject-matter jurisdiction in an equitable action for receivership
  • Timing and proper characterization of a motion to discharge a receiver as a demurrer

Procedural posture

The trial court appointed a receiver, denied the defendant's motion to discharge the receiver, sustained the defendant's general demurrer to the petition, and dismissed the action; the plaintiff appealed.

Authorities cited

No cited authorities resolved to law.co cases yet.

Opinion

majority opinion

Per Curiam.

J. P. Mull instituted an equitable action in the superior court of Putnam County, against E. M. Akins. The petition as amended alleged, in substance, that the defendant is indebted to the plaintiff in the sum of $5000 and interest, on account of a breach of general warranty contained in a deed executed by the defendant, convejdng certain lands in Colquitt County; that defendant owns a certain other tract of land in Putnam County, Georgia, which he holds under a deed from C. A. Webb, subject to an unsatisfied and outstanding security deed in favor of a certain mortgage and security company, on which there is due $4591; that on account of, fraud practiced by the defendant the plaintiff has lost all of his property, and is unable to pay off the amount due on the alleged security deed, and consequently is unable to subject the Putnam County land .under the attachment laws of Georgia, and, even if the land were subject to attachment without paying off the security deed, plaintiff is unable to give an attachment bond as required by the statute; that defendant is seeking to sell his equitable interest in the Putnam County land, for the purpose of further defrauding plaintiff and preventing him from collecting his debt; that defendant is a non-resident of this State, and resides in the State of Tennessee. The prayers were, for process; for the appointment of a receiver to take charge of the described land in Putnam County and collect and hold whatever assets said Akins may have in this State, and hold the same subject to the final judgment of this court; and for general relief. The petition was sanctioned, and a receiver-was appointed; the order of the court granting leave to the defendant to move, within a stated time, for a discharge of the receiver. The defendant appeared by his attorney and filed a formal motion for discharge of the receiver, on the sole ground that the petition showed upon its face that the court was without jurisdiction of the person of the defendant or of the subject-matter. The motion was denied by the court, prior to the appearance term of the case. The defendant filed a demurrer to the petition, on the same grounds which were set up in the motion to discharge the receiver, i. e., that the petition showed on its face that the court was without jurisdiction of the person of the defendant or the subject-matter. At a subsequent term of the court the judge sustained the demurrer to the petition, and dismissed the action. The plaintiff excepted, assigning error on that judgment.

The motion to set aside the appointment of the receiver, on the ground that the allegations of the petition showed that the court was without jurisdiction of the person of the defendant or the subject-matter, was in effect a demurrer to the petition. -Being of such character, the court did not have jurisdiction to render a final judgment thereon before the appearance term. Accordingly the judgment (unexcepted to) refusing to set aside the appointment of the receiver, on the grounds taken, was not conclusive on the court in rendering the decision on the demurrer at a subsequent term, although the demurrer was based upon the same grounds.

• Under the facts alleged in the petition the court was without jurisdiction of the person of the defendant and the subject-matter of the suit, and consequently the court did not err in dismissing the case upon general demurrer.

■Judgment affirmed.

All the Justices concur, except Hill and Gilbert, JJ., absent, and

dissent opinion

Hines, J.,

dissenting. Where a creditor without judgment or other lien holds a debt against an insolvent non-resident debtor. who owns land within the jurisdiction of the court, which he has incumbered by a security deed, and where the creditor, from insolvency or inability, is unable to redeem the lands embraced in such deed, by paying the principal of such debt and the interest thereon to maturity, as is required by our statute in order to have the same levied upon by attachment, such creditor can apply to the superior court of the county in which such lands are situated, to have the same seized by a receiver appointed by the court, for the purpose of satisfying the creditor’s debt; and the seizure of the res gives the court jurisdiction of the subject-matter. As to property within the jurisdiction of the court personal service isnot required. Jurisdiction of the res is obtained by a seizure under process of the court, whereby it is held to abide such orders as the court may make concerning it.